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World History Review Standards 1 - 4
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The French Revolution 1789
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Louis XVI: an absolute monarch (he held all of the power)
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The 3 estates 1ST ESTATE – the church 2nd ESTATE – the nobility
3rd ESTATE – the commoners
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The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Based on the English Bill of Rights Based on the U.S. Constitution The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
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Constitutional (limited) Monarchy
Church Constitution King Constitutional (limited) Monarchy
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Radical Revolution The revolutionaries went wild Reign of Terror
Robespierre Committee of public safety
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The oppressed became the oppressors
Instability and chaos created the right conditions for a dictator
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Napoleon Bonaparte arrived on the scene and took control in a coup d’etat (military takeover)
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and soon became Emperor
He reformed the law under the Napoleonic Code He centralized the government
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He conquered much of Europe.
But, he was defeated
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Congress of Vienna European leaders restored the old conservative order
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This gave rise to nationalism.
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Industrial Expansion and Imperialism
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England was the first country to industrialize, early 1800’s
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Industrialization brought a shift from agriculture to machines
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Industrial Revolution
entrepreneurs (businessmen) could turn their ideas into reality They had money, resources and markets
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Who invented it and what is it?
Famous inventors Who invented it and what is it? James Watt Eli Whitney Henry Bessemer Thomas Edison
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Who invented it and what is it?
Famous inventors Who invented it and what is it? James Watt Eli Whitney Henry Bessemer Thomas Edison
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Who invented it and what is it?
Famous inventors Who invented it and what is it? James Watt Eli Whitney Henry Bessemer Thomas Edison
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Who invented it and what is it?
Famous inventors Who invented it and what is it? James Watt Eli Whitney Henry Bessemer Thomas Edison
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New age of Scientific discoveries
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Louis Pasteur – germ theory
Charles Darwin – theory of natural selection
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Increasing population in the cities led to overcrowding
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Industrialists made money
But, workers had terrible conditions
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Capitalism – private ownership for profit
This led to Socialism (a movement aimed at improving the working conditions
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Workers united
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And formed labor Unions
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Responses to Capitalism
Socialism - collective ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods (Karl Marx) Communism – advocates elimination of private property
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