1. persistent ptsd persistent ptsd current threat arousal symptoms
trauma characteristics/beliefs
prior experiences/coping subsequent events
thinking processes
during trauma
nature of trauma
memory
negative assessments of
trauma/subsequent events
persistent ptsd
persistent ptsd
matching
triggers
arrows indicate the following relationships
leads to
prevents
change in
influences
Ehlers A, Clark D
A cognitive model
of posttraumatic
stress disorder
Behav Res Therapy
2000; 38:
current threat
arousal symptoms
intrusions, strong emotions
strategies intended to control threat/symptoms

2. change toxic beliefs with education, understanding,
matching
triggers
negative assessments of
trauma/subsequent events
nature of trauma
memory
strategies intended to control threat/symptoms
current threat
arousal symptoms
intrusions, strong emotions
arrows indicate the following relationships
leads to
prevents
change in
influences
reconstruct the frag-
mented trauma memory & anchor it in the past through discussion, tapes & writing
change toxic beliefs with education, understanding,
imagery rescripting,
behavioural experiments,
& compassion
understand & reduce avoidance, encourage desensitization, tackle substance abuse