1. Data Ethics
BPS 7e Chapter 10
© 2015 W. H. Freeman and Company

2. Basic Data Ethics True/False
All planned studies must be reviewed in advance by an _______________ charged with protecting the safety and well-being of the subjects.
institutional review board (IRB)
federal government
state government
All of the above.

3. Basic Data Ethics (answer)
True/False
All planned studies must be reviewed in advance by an _______________ charged with protecting the safety and well-being of the subjects.
institutional review board (IRB)
federal government
state government
All of the above.

4. Basic Data Ethics True/False
Basic data ethics regulations (IRB approval) only apply to observational studies. They do not apply to experiments.
True
False

5. Basic Data Ethics (answer)
True/False
Basic data ethics regulations (IRB approval) only apply to observational studies. They do not apply to experiments.
True
False (apply to both)

6. Basic Data Ethics
Which of the following is the most important standard of data ethics that must be obeyed by all studies that gather data from human subjects.
All planned studies must be reviewed by an IRB.
All individuals who are subjects in a study must give their informed consent before data are collected.
All individual data must be kept confidential.
All of the above.

7. Basic Data Ethics (answer)
Which of the following is the most important standard of data ethics that must be obeyed by all studies that gather data from human subjects.
All planned studies must be reviewed by an (IRB).
All individuals who are subjects in a study must give their informed consent before data are collected.
All individual data must be kept confidential.
All of the above.

8. Who Reviews? True/False
Government regulations require that IRBs consist of at least five people. All IRB members must have science backgrounds.
True
False

9. Who Reviews? (answer) True/False
Government regulations require that IRBs consist of at least five people. All IRB members must have science backgrounds.
True
False (at least one scientist, one nonscientist, and one person from outside the institution)

10. Informed Consent
After obtaining full IRB approval, education researchers launch their experimental research in a local elementary school. The researchers distribute parental consent forms to all families. While many parents agreed and returned the consent forms, some parents did not return the forms. Can their children (without submitted forms) take part in the study because the parents did not say “No”?
No, only children whose parents returned the form and said “Yes” can participate.
Yes, as long as parents received the forms, their children can participate.

11. Informed Consent (answer)
After obtaining full IRB approval, education researchers launch their experimental research in a local elementary school. The researchers distribute parental consent forms to all families. While many parents agreed and returned the consent forms, some parents did not return the forms. Can their children (without submitted forms) take part in the study because the parents did not say “No”?
No, only children whose parents returned the form and said “Yes” can participate.
Yes, as long as parents received the forms, their children can participate.

12. Privacy Protection
___________________ refers to the agreement between the investigator and participant in how data will be managed and used.
Anonymity
Confidentiality
None of the above

13. Privacy Protection (answer)
___________________ refers to the agreement between the investigator and participant in how data will be managed and used.
Anonymity
Confidentiality
None of the above

14. Confidentiality
After obtaining full IRB approval, education researchers launch their experimental research in a local elementary school. Given that many parents agree and return the consent forms (by saying “Yes”), can the researchers use children’s personal names and last names as identifying information in their data?
Yes, as long as researchers have parental consent forms.
No, they must strictly ensure the confidentiality of subjects.

15. Confidentiality (answer)
After obtaining full IRB approval, education researchers launch their experimental research in a local elementary school. Given that many parents agree and return the consent forms (by saying “Yes”), can the researchers use children’s personal names and last names as identifying information in their data?
Yes, as long as researchers have parental consent forms.
No, they must strictly ensure the confidentiality of subjects.

16. Confidentiality True/False
Confidentiality is not the same as anonymity. Anonymity means that subjects are anonymous, meaning that their names are unknown even to the director of the study.
True
False

17. Confidentiality (answer)
True/False
Confidentiality is not the same as anonymity. Anonymity means that subjects are anonymous, meaning that their names are unknown even to the director of the study.
True
False

18. Information Access
All states in the United States have open records laws, sometimes known as _____________, which give citizens access to government meetings and records.
Lemon laws
Civil rights laws
Sunshine laws
Record laws

19. Information Access (answer)
All states in the United States have open records laws, sometimes known as _____________, which give citizens access to government meetings and records.
Lemon laws
Civil rights laws
Sunshine laws
Record laws

20. Clinical Trials
_____________________________ are by far the best way to see the true effects of new treatments in clinical trials. Without them, risky treatments that are no more effective than placebos will become common.
Opinion polls
Double-blind experiments
Randomized comparative experiments

21. Clinical Trials (answer)
_____________________________ are by far the best way to see the true effects of new treatments in clinical trials. Without them, risky treatments that are no more effective than placebos will become common.
Opinion polls
Double-blind experiments
Randomized comparative experiments