1. Bill Strickland East Grand Rapids High School East Grand Rapids, MI
AP World History Review Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations
Bill Strickland
East Grand Rapids High School
East Grand Rapids, MI

2. Bill Strickland bstrickl@egrps.org
Period 1 Key Concepts
Big Geography & the Peopling of the Earth
The Neolithic Revolution & Early Agricultural Societies
The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban Societies
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

3. Bill Strickland bstrickl@egrps.org
Period 1 Key Concepts
Big Geography & the Peopling of the Earth
During the Paleolithic Era (pre-10,000 BCE) hunter-gatherers gradually migrated from East Africa to Eurasia, Australia and the Americas, adapting their technology and cultures.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

4. Key Concepts (In Question Form)
Big Geography & the Peopling of the Earth
What is the evidence that explains the earliest history of humans and the planet?
How is this evidence interpreted?
Where did humans first appear on Earth, and what were the characteristics of their society, religion, technology, economy and culture?
How did the earliest humans procure enough supplies to survive?
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

5. Bill Strickland bstrickl@egrps.org
11/24/2018
Q: What is the evidence that explains the earliest history of humans and the planet?
“Out of Africa” migrations Theory based on Archeological Evidence
The term “Big Geography” draws attention to the global nature of world history. Throughout the Paleolithic period, humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Early humans were mobile and creative in adapting to different geographical settings from savannah to desert to Ice Age tundra. By analogy with modern hunter/forager societies, anthropologists infer that these bands were relatively egalitarian. Humans also developed varied and sophisticated technologies.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

6. Q: How is this evidence interpreted?
11/24/2018
Q: How is this evidence interpreted?
Archaeological Evidence: “Lucy”
Louis & Mary Leakey
“Lucy” skeleton
1.1 I Archeological evidence indicates that during the Paleolithic Era, hunting-foraging bands of humans gradually migrated from their origin in East Africa to Eurasia, Australia and the Americas, adapting their technology and cultures to new climate regions.
Footprints in Olduvai Gorge, eastern Africa
Richard Leakey, 1979
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

7. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Society?
Little if any social classes
no possessions to distinguish rich/poor, powerful/weak
Egalitarian (equal but not identical work & value of both genders’ contributions)
Men probably hunted, women foraged/gathered.
Small bands/communities (30-50 people)
How do we know this?
Comparison to modern hunter-gatherer societies
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

8. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Society?
By 600 BCE (end of Period #1)
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

9. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Religion?
Most likely animistic.
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

10. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Technology?
Stone Tools/Weapons
Specially adapted to different environments. (What works in the tropics won’t in the tundra!)
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

11. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Technology?
Stone Tools/Weapons (no wheel yet!)
Fire
Useful in slash & burn agriculture
Protection against animals
Keeping warm in cold climates
Food
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

12. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Economy?
Small kinship groups of people.
Some were self-sufficient
Trade, including …
People
Ideas
Goods
Very limited range of contact w/ other groups
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland

13. Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
11/24/2018
Q: What were the characteristics of early humans’ …
Culture?
1.1 I A Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments.
1.1 I B Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
November 24, 2018
Bill Strickland