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Elements of Pathology Quality Dashboards
Yael K. Heher, MD, MPH Director, Quality & Patient Safety Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA
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The individual below has responded that he/she has no relevant financial relationship(s) with commercial interest(s) to disclose: Yael K. Heher, MD, MPH
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Two Types of Dashboards
Quality indicators 70 indicators AP/CP Mandated internally or externally Event Management When things go wrong Standardized classification, workup, follow-up
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Two Types of Dashboards
Quality indicators 70 indicators AP/CP Mandated internally or externally Event Management When things go wrong Standardized classification, workup, follow-up
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How can we use dashboards to effect change?
Safety culture-Transparency, learning Improvement culture—High Reliability Preoccupation with failure QC/QA versus growth, learning, workflow redesign Data are compelling…or are they??
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Before: Quarterly Quality Meetings
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Before: Quarterly Quality Meetings
Only technologist managers attended, plus compliance officers and a single MD (CLIA license holder) (Painful) reading aloud of excel spreadsheets Narrative explanation for variation, error Shame or punitive culture around failure to meet target Metrics mainly externally mandated Data not shared
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What is the current practice at BIDMC?
70+ Indicators 16 Lab areas
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Dashboard Overview
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METRIC & TARGET TREND TIME PERIOD SIGNAL
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Monthly
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Data Warehouse
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Statistical Process Control
Special cause variation vs. Common cause variation
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Cultural shift: CURIOSITY quality data
Why are we collecting these data? What is the clinical impact of this metric? Why is the target what it is? What is the cost of collecting quality data? Should we add or remove any quality indicators? What are root causes for performance variation? What are the opportunities for QI projects? “TRUE NORTH” IMPROVE TRUST IN PROCESS DIMINISH FEELING OF ‘POINTLESS REGULATORY METRICS’ Mandate or internal Clinical importance Troponin TAT vs Routine test TAT Benchmark LIS, manual Living document Combing with RCA techniques Initiate projects
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Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA
Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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DO DON’T Heher YK, Chen Y, VanderLaan PA. Measuring and assuring quality performance in cytology: a toolkit. Cancer 2017;125:
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What are the challenges for AP Quality review ?
Focus on (CAP) compliance versus safety Highly manual processes-tough to measure Benchmarking not always clear (doesn’t matter!) Focus on analytic phase---but most errors pre-analytic
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How have things changed since the Dashboard was implemented?
All Medical Directors and techs attend, plus trainee representation Statistical process control, root cause analysis, QI projects Curiousity and accountability, not blame Interactive, open discussion Culture change!
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Two Types of Dashboards
Quality indicators 70 indicators AP/CP Mandated internally or externally Event Management When things go wrong Standardized classification, workup, follow-up
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Two Types of Dashboards
Quality indicators 70 indicators AP/CP Mandated internally or externally Event Management When things go wrong Standardized classification, workup, follow-up
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Events in Anatomic Pathology
Heinrich Pyramid Heinrich HW (1931). Industrial accident prevention: a scientific approach. McGraw-Hill.
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Incident Management Dashboard
How do we learn from near miss and no-harm events in Pathology? Incident Management Dashboard No. Date Sender Incident Summary MRN Lab Follow-ups Results Status Loop Closure 1. 2. 3.
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Before Incident Dashboard
s to…??? (Rare) hospital incident reporting system ‘Curbsiding’ from clinical partners Difficult to track, analyze, respond How to escalate trends? How to tackle complex risk?
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Benefits of Event Dashboard
Central documentation, workup, and tracking of events Trending and broad data collection possible Can be escalated/’fanned out’ to right groups
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How do we compare? SHARED ROOT CAUSES Temporary Harm 21 (10%)
Near Misses 51 (24%) Unsafe Conditions No-Harm Events How do we compare?
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CP > 7,000,000 AP 90,000 What is AP’s part of the ‘problem’?
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What can be learned from an event dashboard?
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What can be learned from an event dashboard?
Root causeS analysis
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What can be learned from an event dashboard?
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What can be learned from an event dashboard?
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Incident Dashboard: data aggregation
IT incidents: articulated, escalated/prioritized Complex, multidiscliplinary incidents: workgroups formed AP molecular sendout testing PTH turnaround time Hyperkalemia
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Incident Dashboard: Safety Culture
Reward those who call out safety concerns (do not penalize) Investigate uniformly, fairly (weed through frustration and confusion) Follow-up -- even if incomplete! Involve clinician stakeholders—promotes trust and collaboration, not shame and blame.
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Before and After
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Dashboards: take home A TOOL to aid with VISUAL representation of DATA
Dashboards can be used to continually assess any metric or data that aligns with organizational goals Humans see, interpret, and synthesize data better when it is optimized visually.
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Acknowledgments BIDMC Pathology: Jeff Saffitz MD PhD Lynne Uhl MD
Laura Collins MD Gina McCormack Paul VanderLaan MD PhD Cindy Dellicolli John McDonald Michelle Herman BIDMC Pathology Managers Yigu Chen MPH PSSB Process Improvement AnalystBIDMC
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