1. VERB TENSE REVIEW: past, present, & future

2. You don’t have to get tense about the tenses
You don’t have to get tense about the tenses! Just learn the rules about using verbs in the past, present, and future

3. SIMPLE PRESENT uses – s or no –s I you } eat we they he
she } eats Panda bears eat bamboo. it

4. habits & routines always “I always smoke a cigar after dinner.”
every day
usually
often
sometimes
rarely
never
“I usually practice karate on the weekends.”

5. talk about facts The capital of Russia is Moscow.
It takes years to learn another language.
Ten times ten equals one-hundred.
Airplanes need a lot of fuel to operate.

6. simple past Used with –ed if it’s regular hug - hugged dance – danced
kiss - kissed

7. irregular = do not use -ed
write – wrote stand - stood think - thought

8. shows that something started and finished in the past
yesterday
last week
3 months ago
in 1983
“The Egyptians built the pyramids thousands of years ago.”

9. Present progressive am / is / are + ing
today, now, right now, at this moment, this week

10. Remember that some verbs NEVER have –ing on them
hear
love
like
prefer
want
need
hate
seem
“I am loving you.”

11. some verbs use –ing, but only sometimes
have
feel
think
look
taste
smell
see
I am smelling the flower.
It smells wonderful.

12. There are 3 ways you can show the future In the year 2525 …..

13. 1. use will + infinitive verb. (offer help) “I will show you
1. use will + infinitive verb (offer help) “I will show you.” (guesses) “I think it will rain tomorrow .”

14. 2. am / is / are + going to Talk about plans “I’m going to study Law.”
Predictions about the future
“I think it’s going to rain tomorrow.”

15. 3. use the simple present + a future time word
after
once
as soon as
in 3 weeks
10 days from now
next year
“Once the exam begins, you cannot talk.”
“The exam ends 2 hours from now.”

16. Present perfect walk walked walked wait waited waited ride rode ridden
uses has / have + past participle
Careful! The past participle can be the same as the simple past, but in some cases it’s different
walk walked walked
wait waited waited
ride rode ridden
drink drank drunk

17. the present perfect can be similar to the simple past
an action that started and finished in the past (exact time is unknown)
already, just
He has finished the project.
The post office has already closed for the day.
We have just received the good news.

18. present perfect can show past and present together
some actions start in the past and continue to the present
time:
since, for, recently, lately, yet, up to now, so far, never, ever
Joe has worked at the company for 27 years.
Joe’s first day of work back in Joe is now the company president!
Lately, the days have started getting hotter.
I feel lucky because I have never been seriously ill.

19. 2 days ago lately everyday
Time Words
already yet
always last year in 1763
2 days ago lately everyday
up until now so far right now

20. Some time words can be used for past, present, and future
Examples:
I always visit my grandmother in the summer. (present)
Gandhi always tried to solve India’s problems with peace. (past)
I will always remember you. (future)
They have always lived in California. (present perfect)

21. active and passive verbs
Most sentences in English are active.
Active means that the subject does the action:
subject verb object
George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer, invented velcro. } George did the action -- he invented
S V O
Manufacturers use it on handbags, shoes, and clothing.
S V O S V O
Astronauts need velcro on spaceships. It holds things down.

22. …. but sometimes sentences are passive
Passive means that the subject is not doing the action.
Instead, something happens to the subject.
Velcro was invented by George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer.
Velcro is a thing. George is a person.
George did the action -- not the velcro!

23. Do you notice the differences between the active and passive sentences?
1. The object and the subject switch places
subject verb object
George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer, invented velcro.
Velcro was invented by George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer.
subject verb object

24. 2. Another difference is the verb. Snakes eat mice
2. Another difference is the verb Snakes eat mice Mice are eaten by snakes In Florida, an alligator ate a snake! In Florida, a snake was eaten by an alligator. Poachers hunt snakes for their skin. Snakes are hunted for their skin by poachers.
passive = be + past participle

25. 3. passive sentences may use “by”
sometimes, it isn’t important or
known who/what did the action
India was given independence 1947.
Coffee is grown in many countries
The pearl carpet of Baroda was made
with more than 1 million pearls.
In Texas, hundreds of trucks are
stolen each month.
by is used when it’s important or
known who/what did the action
Romeo and Juliet was written by
Shakespeare.
Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo
da Vinci.
This sweater was made by my
grandmother.
New Orleans was destroyed by
a hurricane in 2005.

26. What’s the best way to learn verb tenses?
Reading is a great way to learn how verbs are used. When you read, you see verbs used in past, present, and future.

27. Practicing
Grammar is like driving or using a computer; the best way to learn it is by doing it yourself.
Paying attention to your teacher’s lessons about verbs is useful, but the best way is to try and use them yourself.

28. Listening
When you listen to English (movies, songs, conversations, etc) pay attention to the verbs. Try to listen to how people use verbs.