1. TALKING ABOUT THE PAST The Past Simple Tense The Past Continuous Tense
The Past Perfect Simple Tense
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

2. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE
for actions or situations in the past (yesterday, last week, two years ago, etc.): Yesterday we bought five paintings. He carved out the last part three days ago.
for events happening one after another: They cleaned the surface and then applied the render to a brick.
for historical events: Daniel Hopfer used etching in printmaking in XVI century.

3. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE He carved out the last part three days ago.
Did he carve out the last part three days ago?
What did he carve out three days ago?
When did he carve out the last part?
Who carved out the last part three days ago?
He didn’t carve out the last part three days ago.

4. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
for two simultaneous actions in the past: While Ana was illustrating the front cover, her colleagues were redifining the inner concept of the book.
for a longer action in the past interrupted by a shorter one: He was cutting the fabric when the client called him on the cell.

5. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
He was cutting the fabric when the client called him on the cell.
Was he cutting the fabric when the client called him on the cell?
Who was cutting the fabric when the client called on the cell?
What was he doing when the client called him on the cell?
He wasn’t cutting the fabric when the client called him on the cell.

6. THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE TENSE
for an action that happened in the past before another past action: Before they developed designs digitally they had learned how to use specific computer programs like CAT and Adobe.
When I arrived at the exhibition, the artist had already begun his welcome speech.

7. THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE TENSE
Before they developed designs digitally they had
learned how to use specific computer programs like
CAT and Adobe.
Had they learned how to use specific computer programs like CAT and Adobe before they developed designs digitally?
What had they learned before they developed designs
digitally?
When had they learned how to use specific computer programs like CAT and Adobe?
They hadn’t learned how to use specific computer programs like CAT and Adobe before they developed designs digitally.

8. THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
for a continuous past action completed before another past action:
She had been working as a multimedia designer for fourteen years before she was awarded the International Graphic Design Association prize.

9. THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
She had been working as a multimedia designer for fourteen
years before she was awarded the International Graphic
Design Association prize.
Had she been working as a multimedia designer for fourteen
Design Association prize?
How long had she been working as a multimedia designer before she was awarded the International Graphic Design Association prize?
She hadn’t been working as a multimedia designer for fourteen