1. The Knee: Special Tests

2. Apprehension Test Used to test patellar femoral syndrome
Patellar tracking
With knee extended push patella laterally and create flexion to extension at knee joint
With knee extended push patella medially and create flexion to extension at knee joint
Video

3. Lachman’s Test ACL PCL Knee in slight flexion (about 20degrees)
One hand behind tibia, one hand on thigh
Pull the tibia anteriorly
Video

4. Anterior Drawer Test ACL
Athlete creates flexion at the knee and ATC sits on foot
Both hands behind tibia (thumbs on tibial tuberosity)
Pull tibia forward
Video

5. Posterior Drawer Test PCL
Athlete creates flexion at the knee and ATC sits on foot
Both hands behind tibia (thumbs on tibial tuberosity)
Push tibia posteriorly
Video

6. Posterior Sag Sign PCL Position athlete in flexion
Look for a drop/sag in the leg just inferior to the patella

7. Valgus Stress Test MCL Athlete lies supine on table
ATC places one hand on lateral surface of thigh and one hand on medial surface of ankle
ATC applies medial pressure on thigh and later pressure on ankle
Repeat with knee flexed to 30degrees
Video

8. Varus
LCL
Athlete lies supine and ATC places one hand on medial surface of thigh and one hand on lateral surface of ankle
ATC applies lateral pressure on thigh and medial pressure on ankle
Repeat with knee flexed to 30 degrees
Video

9. McMurray’s Test Meniscus Athlete lies supine with knee in flexion
ATC will test for medial meniscus damage by moving knee through external rotation & valgus force
ATC will test for lateral meniscus damage by moving the knee through internal rotation & varus force
Video

10. Duck Walk
Meniscus
Have athlete squat down and walk forward and backwards a few steps
Video