1. Many Parties Slavery issue causes a split in the Democratic Party
Election of
1860
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Many Parties
Slavery issue causes a split in the Democratic Party
Northern Democrats nominate Stephen Douglas

2. Southern Democrats nominate John C. Breckenridge
Election of
1860
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Southern Democrats nominate John C. Breckenridge

3. Election of
1860
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Moderates from the North and South form the Constitutional Union Party and nominate John Bell

4. Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln
Election of
1860
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Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln

5. Election of
1860
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Lincoln Elected
Republicans called for slavery to be left undisturbed in the South, but excluded from the territories – no more slave states allowed
Lincoln wins election by winning every state in the North
Which states had more electoral votes? Northern or Southern? Why?

7. Election of
1860
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Breckenridge wins South
Douglas wins MO and ½ of NJ (they can split their electoral votes)
Bell wins KY, VA & TN
Border States (slave states that didn’t secede):
Missouri
Delaware
Kentucky
Maryland
West Virginia sometimes considered a border state – the western half of VA seceded from the state at the beginning of the Civil War
SUMMARY

8. Reactions to Secession
The South
Secedes
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Reactions to Secession
December 1860: South Carolina votes to secede
Many Southerners celebrated secession, but some were concerned
Concerned about what?

9. Northerners believed that the Union should stay together
The South
Secedes
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Northerners believed that the Union should stay together
Abolitionists were happy that the South left
Why would they be happy?
Lincoln wondered if the “minority have the right to break up the government if they choose.”

10. Presidential Response
The South
Secedes
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Who is president when South Carolina secedes?
Presidential Response
Dec 1860, James Buchanan believed that the South didn’t have the right to leave, but he also didn’t believe he had the power to stop them

11. March 4, 1861, Lincoln is sworn in as our 16th president
The South
Secedes
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March 4, 1861, Lincoln is sworn in as our 16th president
In his inaugural address Lincoln declares that secession is not permitted

12. Attempts to Compromise
The South
Secedes
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Attempts to Compromise
People in the South didn’t trust republicans
Why?
Southerners want Constitutional amendments to protect slavery
Republicans rejected this idea and Southerners didn’t want to compromise

13. The South
Secedes
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The Confederacy
February, 1861: TX, LA, MS, AL, FL, and GA leave the Union, they join SC and form the Confederate States of America (CSA)

14. Jefferson Davis elected president of the Confederate States of America
The South
Secedes
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Jefferson Davis elected president of the Confederate States of America
Southerners justified their secession with the theory of states’ rights

15. The South
Secedes
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States argued that they volunteered to be part of the Union, so when the federal gov’t violated the Constitution they could choose to leave
SUMMARY

16. The War Begins CSA began seizing U.S. forts in their states
Fort Sumter
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The War Begins
CSA began seizing U.S. forts in their states
Who do the forts belong to?
CSA demanded the surrender of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina – it was manned by U.S. soldiers

19. Lincoln sends unarmed Union forces with supplies to Ft. Sumter
Fort Sumter
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Lincoln was notified on the day of his inauguration that the fort was in need of supplies
Lincoln sends unarmed Union forces with supplies to Ft. Sumter
Do you think the Confederates want the fort to receive the supplies?

20. Davis ordered his forces to attack the Fort on April 12, 1861
Fort Sumter
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Davis ordered his forces to attack the Fort on April 12, 1861

21. April 14, 1861 : U.S. troops fall to the Confederate troops
Fort Sumter
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April 14, 1861 : U.S. troops fall to the Confederate troops

22. SUMMARY After the attack on Ft. Sumter:
Fort Sumter
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After the attack on Ft. Sumter:
Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops (to enlist for 90 days) to save the Union
VA, NC, TN, AR join the CSA
What does this say about Lincoln’s view of the Confederacy at this point?
SUMMARY