1. Motor Learning and Control PE 712 Professor Trujillo

2. Motor learning
A "relatively permanent" change, resulting from practice or a novel experience.
It is the result of repetition.
It often involves improving the smoothness and accuracy of movements.
Necessary for complicated movements.

3. Motor skill
A skill can be defined as “a learned, coordinated activity which achieves a goal.”
Fine or Gross: classified according to the amount of movement required to complete the skill.
Open or Closed: classified according to the environment the skills are performed in.
Discrete, continuous, or serial: classified according to whether the skill has a defined beginning and end point.
Self paced and externally paced skills: classified according to how the movement is initiated.

4. Practice
Massed: performing a skill over and over until it is achieved.
Risks: fatigue, poor technique, boredom, injury
Benefits: highly motivated, for low energy tasks & simple skills
Distributed: performing the skill with rest sessions in between until the skill is learned.
For early stages of learning, high demands, complex skills, boring task

5. Learning Whole Learning: when the skill is taught in its entirety
Part Learning: when the skill is broken down into its associated parts or sub routines

6. Feedback Internal: comes from internal receptors within the body
External: comes from verbal, audible, or visual sources
Knowledge of results (KR): info received about the outcome of your performance
Knowledge of performance (KP): Feedback you get about the actual performance of a skill

7. 5 D’s of COACHING
Describe
Demo
Dissect
Drill
Debrief

8. 10 Ingredients for Training the Xceptional Athlete
Neural/ Dynamic Warm up
Structure Development/ Vision
Xplosive Power and Movement
Balanced Movement
Speed, Quickness
Strength Movement
Stamina, Conditioning
Nutrition
Mindset
Flow, Spirit

9. Motor Learning Basics – 3 Stages Theory
Cognitive:
1 – 1,000 Reps
Associative:
1,000 – 10,000 Reps
Autonomous:
100,000 – 300,000 Reps

10. THE TEN YEAR RULE (Dr. Balyi)
Practice with an Explicit Goal of Improving
Be Present. “In the Moment”
Welcome and Seek out Feedback
Continuous Mental Training on your Growth and Development
Deliberate Practice…ongoing focus on excellence

11. EFFICIENT TRAINING/ WINNING ENVIRONMENT
Be Present and Engaged
Fun and Exciting
Coach Perfect Form
Spinal Length with Movement
Coordinated Breathing
Tension and Relaxation
Everything Counts (SAID)
Training the Mind
Thoughts+Feeling+Action= Results
Coaching: <5 Things
BEST ENERGY for PERFORMANCE

12. ARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller)
Attention
Perceptual arousal: surprise, uncertainty
Inquiry arousal: posing challenging questions or problems
Relevance
Relevant for them today & future
Modeling: persistence & effort
Confidence
Understand their likelihood for success
Provide objectives
Allow, encourage & reward small steps
Provide feedback
Allow control
Satisfaction
Learning must offer a reward (internal or external)
Create connection with the “real world” not just training world
Feedback and reinforcement