1. Satire and Satirical Devices
Kathy Haley

2. Satire Defined
Satire = sarcasm, irony or wit used to ridicule or mock

3. Satirical Styles
1. Direct = satire that is directly stated
2. Indirect = satire that is communicated through characters in a situation.

4. Types of Satire
1. Horatian – light-hearted,
intended for fun

5. Types of Satire
Juvenalian – bitter, angry attacking

6. Satirical Devices
1. Irony = the actual intent is expressed in words which carry the opposite meaning. It is lighter, less harsh in wording than sarcasm, though more cutting because of its indirectness. Irony uses words of praise to imply blame and words of blame to imply praise. The writers use a tongue-in-cheek style. Irony is achieved through such techniques such as hyperbole and understatement

7. Irony

8. Satirical Devices- types of irony
A. verbal – uses inversion of meaning of the words used
B. dramatic – when the words or acts of a character carry a meaning unperceived by himself but understood by the audience. The irony comes in the contrast between the meaning intended by the speaker and the added significance seen by others.

9. Satirical Devices- types of irony
C. Socratic- Socrates pretended ignorance of a subject in order to draw knowledge out of his students by a question and answer device (Socratic method). Socratic irony is feigning ignorance to achieve some advantage over an opponent

10. Satirical Devices- types of irony
D. Situational Irony – depends on a discrepancy between purpose and results.
Example: a practical joke that backfires

11. Persona or Voice & Irony
Advertisers use personas for different reasons.
The speaker of a message many times my not be the writer/singer.
Writers use words and imagery as tools
Singers/songwriters use music/beat as tools
Be prepared to differentiate the speaker from the writer or singer.
Author intent impacts our interpretation

12. Other Satirical Devices
2. Travesty – present a serious (often religious) subject frivolously; reduces everything to its lowest level
3. Burlesque – ridiculous exaggeration achieved through a variety of ways
Example: the sublime may be absurd; honest emotions may be turned to sentimentality
Style is the essential quality in burlesque

13. Other Satirical Devices
4. Parody – a composition imitating or burlesquing another, usually serious, piece of work. Designed to ridicule in a nonsensical fashion an original piece of work. Parody is to literature what the cartoon is to art.
***Travesty, Burlesque, & Parody are similar, but travesty always makes a mockery of a serious subject, whereas burlesque and parody may do the reverse.

14. Parody “Amish Paradise” Weird Al Yankovic

15. Other Satirical Devices
5. Farce – exciting laughter through exaggerated, improbable situations. This type of satire usually contains low comedy: fighting, quarreling, coarseness, horseplay, noisy singing, boisterous conduct, trickery, clownishness, drunkenness, and/or slapstick

16. Other Satirical Devices
6. Invective – harsh, abusive language directed against a person or cause. Invective is a vehicle for anger and bitterness. It is the bitterest of all satires.
7. Sarcasm – a sharply mocking or contemptuous remark. The terms comes from the Greek word “sarkazein” which means “to tear flesh”

17. Invective & Sarcasm
Truly, you have a dizzying intellect. (Wesley, The Princess Bride)
From Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby:
He's so dumb, he doesn't know he's alive.

18. Other Satirical Devices
8. Knaves and Fools – In comedy there are no villains and no innocent victims. Instead there are rogues (knaves) and suckers (fools). The knave exploits someone “asking for it”. When these two interact, comic satire results. When knaves and fools meet, they expose each other.

19. Other Satirical Devices
9. Malapropism – a deliberate mispronunciation of a name or term with the intent of poking fun.
He had to use a fire distinguisher.
Dad says the monster is just a pigment of my imagination.
Isn't that an expensive pendulum round that man's neck?
Good punctuation means not to be late.
He's a wolf in cheap clothing.
Michelangelo painted the Sixteenth Chapel.
My sister has extra-century perception.
"Don't" is a contraption.

20. Wit
Wit is most commonly understood as clever expression, whether aggressive or harmless; that is, with or without derogatory intent toward someone or something in particular.
We also tend to think of wit as being characterized by a mocking or paradoxical quality, evoking laughter through apt phrasing.

21. Wit (Memes)

22. Work Sample Watch the following video: http://youtu.be/OSXNU1_bouc
As you watch, jot down all of the various characteristics of satire you see in the video.
Then, determine whether the video is Horatian or Juvenalian satire and write a sentence or two explaining why.