1. Living in the Environment
Community Ecology
G. Tyler Miller’s
Living in the Environment
14th Edition
Chapter 8

2. Key Concepts Community structure Roles of species Species interactions
Changes in ecosystems
Stability of ecosystems

3. Community Structure and Species Diversity
Appearance
Species diversity
Species richness
Niche structure
Edge effects
Fig. 8-2 p. 144

4. Biodiversity Latitude Depth Pollution Theory of island biogeography
Fig. 8-3 p. 145
Theory of island biogeography

5. General Types of Species
Native
Non-native (exotic or alien)
Indicator
Keystone
Foundation

6. Species Interactions: Competition
Interspecific competition
Predation
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Resource partitioning

7. Resource Partitioning and Niche Specialization
Refer to Fig. 8-8,
p. 151
Fig. 8-7 p. 150

8. Species Interactions: Predation
Predator
Prey
Prey acquisition
Predator avoidance
Refer to Fig. 8-9 p. 153

9. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Parasitism
Parasite
Host
Important ecological roles of parasites

10. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Mutualism
Pollination mutualism
Nutritional mutualism
Gut inhabitant mutualism
Fig. 8-10, p. 155

11. Symbiotic Species Interactions: Commensalism
Species interaction that benefits one and has little or no effect on the other
Example: Small plants growing in shade of larger plants

12. Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition
Primary succession
Secondary succession
Pioneer species
Successional species

13. Primary Succession
Fig p. 157

14. Secondary Succession
Fig p. 158

15. The Rate of Succession
Facilitation
Inhibition
Tolerance

16. Ecological Stability and Sustainability
Disturbance
Climax community
Inertia
Constancy
Resilience
Precautionary principle