1. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes Pg

2. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes Constitutional Convention (May of 1787)
State delegates met to improve the Articles of Confederation
How much power do we give the national government?
2 Plans were presented as possible solutions
Virginia Plan
Gave more power to national government
Bicameral legislature
Number in both houses based on population
New Jersey Plan
Gave more power to state governments
Unicameral legislature
Number of representatives equal from each state

3. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes The Great Compromise
After a month of debating the delegates reached an agreement
Bicameral legislature
Number of representatives based on state population in House of Representatives (lower house)
Number of representatives equal for each state in the Senate (upper house)

4. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes Three-Fifths Compromise
Who counts as part of a states population?
South wanted slaves to count, North did not
Agreed to allow Three-Fifths of the slaves to be added to a states population when determining representation
For every 5 slaves it counted as 3 people

5. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes
Federalism - sharing powers between national government and state governments
Under the new constitution each state had to obey the authority of the national government.
States are given control of anything not assigned to the national government

6. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes
Checks and Balances - system created in order to keep any branch from becoming too powerful
Legislative Branch – responsible for creating/passing laws
Executive Branch – ensures laws are being carried out
Judicial Branch – interprets laws, punishes criminals, settles state disputes

7. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes

8. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes Federalist vs. Antifederalists
Federalist – supported the newly proposed constitution
Thought it was a good balance of power
Wealthy planters, farmers, lawyers
George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton
Antifederalist – did not support the new constitution
Thought the national government had too much power, wanted Bill of Rights included
Small farmers and business owners
Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry

9. Ch. 5 Sec. 3-4 Notes
Federalist Papers – essays supporting the constitution
Published so ensure Americans the national government would not be too powerful
Bill of Rights – 10 proposed amendments intended to protect citizens rights
Added to constitution so that every state would ratify the new constitution