1. Basic English conversation Assistant Lecturer : Ahmed Najm Abed University of Kufa , Faculty of Education / Department of English .

2. Daily Greeting Good morning is both a formal and informal greeting.
Americans say good morning from sunrise to noon.
Good afternoon is both a formal and informal greeting. You can say good afternoon to both strangers and friends.
Americans say good afternoon from noon until about 5:00 PM.. .

3. Daily Greeting
Good evening" is both a formal and informal greeting. You can say this to both strangers and friends.
Americans say good evening from about 5:00 PM until sunrise. After sunrise, they say good morning .

4. Introducing oneself
Hello, I am Yoko. I’m Japanese. I live in Tokyo. I am 14 years old and I love collecting stamps.
Now use the table below to create similar introductions.

5. Name
Country
Nationality
City
Age
Hobbies/Sports
Ann
Yoko
America
Japan
American
Japanese
New York
Tokyo
12 years old
14 years old
reading books
collecting stamps

6. Meeting for the first time .
Sita : Hello, I am Sita Sharma. What is your name?
Gita : I’m Gita.
Sita : Where do you live?
Gita : Varanasi.
Sita : Oh, really? I’m also from Varanasi.
Meeting after a long time:
peter : Where have you been all these days? We haven’t met for ages.
Sarah : I’ve been very busy with preparations for our Annual Day function.

7. Three Levels Of Formality In English
Formal – Textbooks, official reports, academic articles, essays, business letters, contracts, official speeches.
Semi-formal – Day-to-day interaction with colleagues and teachers, popular magazines/books, interviews, when talking with someone in authority or whom you respect.
Informal – Interacting with friends, speaking or chatting online.

8. focus on communication- encouraging :
The expressions that can be used to encourage people in their efforts and on their achievements, are detailed below :
Informal : Come on! Keep it up! You can do it! Go on!
Neutral : Well done! You’re doing fine / very well! That’s fine / lovely / great!
Formal : You have our backing. You have our whole-hearted support.

9. focus on communication - asking for and showing preferences
The expressions asking for and showing preferences are detailed below:
Neutral Situations - Asking for preferences :
Would you prefer ……. or ……..?
Which would you prefer …. or ….. ?
Do you like … better than ……?

10. Showing preferences I think I like ……… better. I would go for ……………
I’d rather have …………. anytime.

11. Informal Situations –showing and asking
Asking for preferences :
We can …… or …; what do you say?
Do you prefer ……. or ……?
What’s your favourite …….?
Showing preferences :
I think I like ……..
I would go for ………..
I’d rather have ……. anytime.

12. Formal Situations- showing and asking
Asking for preferences :
Do you find … or …. More enjoyable?
The choice is yours; ….. or ……. ?
Which appeals more ……. or …….?
Showing preferences :
I have a strong preference for ………
I generally find ….. more satisfactory.
I’d generally choose …… in preference to ………

13. Test Yourself - formal, neutral or informal English
When you are introduced to somebody for the first time, what should you say?
 Nice to meet you
 How do you do ?
 What’s up?

14. Nice to meet you . This is neutral and can be used in most social contexts with most people.
How do you do? – This is a formal phrase that would only be used on formal occasions with specific people.
What’s up? – This is informal phrase .

15. Invitations - Neutral
I was wondering if you would like to join us for a meal.
Perhaps you would like to have dinner at my home.
Perhaps you would like to come round for a meal.
We wanted to invite you to dinner.

16. Formal - Invitations
I was wondering if you would like to join us for a meal.
We would like to invite you to dinner.
Perhaps you would like to have dinner at my home.
Perhaps you would like to come round for a meal.

17. Invitations-Informal
Why not come round for a drink?
What about going out for a meal?
Why not join us for a drink?
Fancy going for a drink/ a meal?

18. formality – words
Some groups of words can be put on a scale from (very) formal to (very) informal.
Very formal : Offspring , residence , Alcoholic beverages
neutral :children , house/flat , drink .
very informal : kids, place , booze .