1. Chapter 1:Introduction to the Study of Kinesiology
Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 11e

2. Objectives
Define kinesiology and explain its importance to the student of human motion.
Describe major components of a kinesiology analysis.
Describe a selected motor skill;
Breaking it down into component phases.
Identifying starting and ending points.
Determine simultaneous-sequential nature of movement skills.
Classify motor skills.
State the mechanical purpose of movement skills.
Identify joint and basic muscle groups in a movement skill.
Kinesiology, 11e

3. Kinesiology
The study of human movement from the point of view of the physical sciences
Mechanics: biomechanics
Anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy
Physiology: neuromuscular physiology
Every structure that participates in movements of the body does so according to physical and physiological principles.
Kinesiology, 11e

4. Safety, Effectiveness and Efficiency
The underlying aim of kinesiology is
Safety: structure movements to avoid doing harm to the body
Effectiveness: success or failure of meeting goals of performance
Efficiency: striving to achieve movement goal with least amount of effort
Kinesiology, 11e

5. Kinesiology Practitioners
Kinesiology helps to prepare physical educators, coaches, and fitness professionals to teach effective performance.
Movements of the normal body
Therapist and athletic trainers are primarily concerned with effects that exercise has on the body.
Restoration of impaired function
Kinesiology, 11e

6. Methods of Study Controlled Laboratory Studies
Help students gain understanding of the nature and complexity of human motion.
Primarily qualitative in beginning
Advanced study includes EMG, motion capture, force transducers, and computer analysis equipment.
As technology advances, new abilities increase the depth of knowledge and understanding.
Kinesiology, 11e

7. Methods of Study Analysis Under Everyday Conditions
Students learn how to apply a knowledge of kinesiology.
Develop qualitative skills necessary for accurate observation, diagnosis, and treatment of faulty motor performance.
Kinesiology, 11e

8. Components of Analysis
Describing a skill in a logical fashion
Breaking it down into its elements
Evaluating performance
Determining whether and how related anatomical and mechanical principles have been violated
Prescribing corrections based on appropriate identification of cause
Kinesiology, 11e

9. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
A. Description of the motor skill performance
Primary purpose of the skill
Applicable references to speed, accuracy, form, etc.
Speed
Speed and accuracy
Accuracy
Form
Fig 1.1
Kinesiology, 11e

10. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
A. Description of the motor skill performance
2. Movement phases
break down motion into “phases”
Preparation
Power
Follow-through
Kinesiology, 11e

11. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
Description of the motor skill performance
Classification of the skill
Classification provides clues to the nature of anatomical and mechanical requirements of a group of skills.
Kinesiology, 11e

12. Kinesiological Analysis
A. Description of the motor skill performance
4. Simultaneous-sequential nature of motion
Simultaneous: segments move as one
Sequential: segments in an orderly sequence
Simultaneous
Sequential
Kinesiology, 11e

13. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
B. Anatomical analysis
Joint actions and segment motions:
Which joints are involved, and what are their exact movements in the skill?
Any limited range of motion?
Refer to Table 1.2
Muscle participation and form of contraction
Which muscles produce joint actions?
What type of contraction?
Kinesiology, 11e

14. Anatomical Analysis Model
Joint
Joint Action
Segment Moved
Plane and Axis
Force
Contraction Type
Prime Movers
Kinesiology, 11e

15. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
B. Anatomical analysis
3. Neuromuscular considerations
Which neuromuscular mechanisms are involved?
What is the nature of involvement?
Kinesiology, 11e

16. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
B. Anatomical analysis
4. Anatomical principles related to effective and safe performance:
Which anatomical principles contribute to efficiency and accuracy?
Which principles are related to avoidance of injury?
Kinesiology, 11e

17. Kinesiological Analysis
Mechanical analysis
Underlying mechanics objective(s)
Balance: regain stability, attain mobility
Jump stop, track start
Locomotion: travel
Walking, running, skipping
Projection: height, range, and accuracy
Pole vault, long jump, throwing
Manipulation: objects or resistance
Weightlifting, writing
Maximum effort: speed, power, and force
Sprinting, power lift, blocking
Kinesiology, 11e

18. Kinesiological Analysis (Table 1.1)
Mechanical analysis
2. Nature of forces causing or impeding motion
Modifying forces
3. Mechanical principles that apply
4. Violation of principles
Which applications(s) of principles is (are) violated?
What are the errors?
What are the sources of error?
Kinesiology, 11e

19. Kinesiological Analysis
D. Prescriptions for improvement of performance indicate how the performance should be changed so that the principles are no longer violated.
Strategy for effecting change
Concentrate on the causes of error, not on the symptoms.
Kinesiology, 11e