1. The Skeletal System: Joints

2. Joints Articulations of bones Functions of joints Hold bones together
Allow for mobility
Ways joints are classified
Structurally
Functionally

3. Classification of Joints
Fibrous/
MOVEMENT
STRUCTURAL
FUNCTIONAL
GENERALLY
IMMOVEABLE
FIXED
FIBROUS
SYNARTHROSES
TOGETHER JOINT
IMMOVABLE OR
SLIGHTLY MOVEABLE
CARTILAGINOUS
AMPHIARTHROSES
BOTH JOINT
FREELY
MOVEABLE
SYNOVIAL
DIARTHROSIS
DOUBLE JOINT

4. Fibrous Joints (Synarthroses)
Bones united by fibrous tissue
Example:
Sutures
Syndesmoses
Allows more movement than sutures
Example: Distal end of tibia and fibula

5. Cartilaginous Joints (Amphiarthroses)
Bones connected by cartilage
Example:
Pubic symphysis
Intervertebral joints
1ST Rib to sternum

6. Synovial Joints (Diarthroses)
Articulating bones are separated by a joint cavity
Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity

7. Features of Synovial Joints
Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage) covers the ends of bones
A fibrous articular capsule encloses joint surfaces
A joint cavity is filled with synovial fluid
Ligaments reinforce the joint
Bursae—flattened fibrous sacs
Lined with synovial membranes
Filled with synovial fluid
Not actually part of the joint
Tendon sheath
Elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon

8. Types of Synovial Joints
Figure 5.30a–c

9. Types of Synovial Joints
Figure 5.30d–f