1. First of all, how do we make the Present Perfect? Mrs. Loi A.

2. We make the present perfect with:
Have + past participle of verbs
Tom has lost his keys.
I’ve forgotten to call you!
Have you seen my bag?
There’s been an accident.

3. When do we use it?
When there is always a connection with now, with the present
Tom has lost his keys.
(he can’t find it now, he hasn’t got it!)
B) To give new information or to announce a recent happening
Oh! I’ve cut my finger!

4. C) When we talk about experiences in our life (about a period of time that continues from the past until now) ex. Have you ever eaten snails?

5. e) When we talk about recent changes or events, usually with words like
just, already, yet, recently, this week/month.
ex. We’ve renovated the hotel this year.
ex. Have you cleaned the lobby yet?
ex. They’ve just opened a new hotel.

6. d) with today / this morning / this evening etc
d) with today / this morning / this evening etc. when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking.
ex. I’ve drunk four cups of coffee today
(perhaps I’ll drink more before today is finished!)

7. e) When ‘it is the first time, second time, third. time’ etc
e) When ‘it is the first time, second time, third time’ etc. something has happened.
ex. It’s the first time Jo has seen my work with power point. 
ex. It’s the second time they have driven a car.

8. Note well !
The verb ‘to go’ has got two different p.p. forms: Gone and been
What’s the difference between the following sentences?
Jo is always on holiday. He has gone to Spain
Giulia is back from Rome now. She has been there recently.

9. What time expressions do we use with the Present Perfect?
Ever, never
Recently,
Just, already, yet
Always
For
since

10. We also use the present perfect
f) to talk about actions/facts that began in the past but still continue now, in the present.
ex. Theresa May has been the British
Prime Minister for 2 years now.
Theresa May has been the British
Prime Minister since July .

11. When do we use for and since?
Two hours
20 minutes
Five days
Six months
A week
50 years
A long time
Ages
8 o’clock
Monday
12 May
April
1977
Christmas
Lunchtime
They were at school