1. Identificación y descripción de personas Mosaicos, pp. 9 and 10

2. How much Spanish do you know?

3. Cognates You may know more Spanish than you think! For example, you can already recognize the meaning of some Spanish words that look like their English counterparts. These words are called cognates. Examples: pizza (pizza), restaurante (restaurant), pasaporte (passport).

4. Cognates (cont.) Malena is studying Spanish. Can you help her translate Spanish cognates into English? First, we will learn cognates that use the same form for both masculine and feminine gender.

5. Modelo 1: arrogante = arrogant

6. Modelo 2: competente = competent

7. As you see, Spanish words that end in –ante or –ente correspond to English words that end in –ant or –ent: importante = important independiente = independent

8. Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these Spanish words.

9. eficiente elegante inteligente valiente

10. eficiente = efficient elegante = elegant inteligente = intelligent valiente = valiant

11. Some words are a bit different… paciente interesante

12. Some words are a bit different… paciente = patient interesante = interesting

13. Spanish words ending in –ista = English words ending in –istic / -ist: idealista = idealistic perfeccionista = perfectionist

14. Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these Spanish words

15. materialista pesimista optimista

16. materialista = materialistic pesimista = pessimistic optimista = optimistic

17. Spanish words ending in -cial correspond to English words ending in –tial: (im)parcial = (im)partial

18. Spanish words ending in -cional correspond to English words ending in –tional: tradicional = traditional

19. In some cases, there is no rule but Spanish and English words are still very similar: rebelde = rebel responsable = responsible

20. In other cases, Spanish words look exactly the same as their English translation: popular = popular terrible = terrible sentimental = sentimental

21. Lets learn more cognates related to two friends of Malena: David and John.

22. David es… extrovertido romántico tranquilo

23. David es… extrovertido = extroverted romántico = romantic tranquilo = tranquil

24. David también (also) es… atlético moderno tímido

25. David también (also) es… atlético = athletic moderna = modern tímico = timid

26. David también (also) es… dinámico generoso religioso

27. David también (also) es… dinámico = dynamic generoso = generous religioso = religious

28. David and John are very different.

29. John es… atractivo ambicioso lógico

30. John es… atractivo = attractive ambicioso = ambitious lógico = logical

31. John también es… pasivo serio agresivo

32. John también es… pasivo = passive serio = serious agresivo = aggressive

33. John también es… cómico impulsivo creativo

34. John también es… cómico = comical impulsivo = impulsive creativo = creative

35. As you see, there are many Spanish – English cognates.

36. False cognates However, some words look like cognates, but do not have the same meaning in both languages. These are called false cognates.

37. False cognates (cont.) Examples: Lectura looks like lecture but means reading. Éxito looks like exit but means success. Embarazada looks like embarrassed but means pregnant.

38. ¡Buen trabajo! Hoy hemos aprendido (He have learned) vocabulario sobre la identificación y descripción de personas.