1. BELLWORK: 5/15 Read “Attack on the Soviet Union” on pgs. 732-733!
List two reasons why Hitler invaded the USSR.
Describe Hitler’s miscalculations and errors in planning his invasion of the Soviet Union.
Why did Germany fail in taking the USSR?
THINKER: Why was WWII a Total War?
***I’m collecting bellwork today! You should have four stamps!***

3. German Expansion by 1942

4. 4

5. Germany broke the non-aggression pact  causing Soviet Union to join the Allied Powers
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor  causing U.S. to join the Allied Powers
Make a prediction: How do YOU think this is going to change WWII?

6. Battles, important people, turning points, and surrender
Key Events in WWII
Battles, important people, turning points, and surrender

7. Why was WWII a total war?

8. Air Warfare

9. Aircraft Carriers became vital for success!!!
USS Ticonderoga
Japanese Hosho

10. Allied Invasion of North Africa

11. Erwin Rommel

12. Invasion of Italy

13. Italy Surrenders
In early 1944, Allied Powers had gained back control of Northern Africa and Italy
Fascism fell from power
Mussolini was overthrown
In June 1944, Italy surrendered!

14. 14

15. 15

16. Mussolini’s Death
Italian government wanted to punish Mussolini for war crimes
Tried to escape to Switzerland
He was caught by soldiers and executed the next day
Shot by firing squad, body hung in city where civilians beat, kicked, spat, and stoned his dead body.

19. Battle of Stalingrad
Turning point of WWII on the Eastern Front

20. 20

22. D-Day June 6, 1944 Largest combined land-sea-air battle in history
Allied forces landed on Normandy Beach (France) and pushed the Germans back
Turning point of WWII on the Western Front 22

23. 23

24. 24

25. 25

28. Death of Hitler
The Allies surrounded Germany and it became clear the Axis powers would lose.
Hitler committed suicide in an underground bunker on April 30, 1945 28

29. 29

30. War in Europe is over! Berlin fell to the Allies on May 2, 1945
Germany surrenders
May 9th: V-E Day (Victory in Europe)
Who is left? 30

32. WWII in the Pacific

33. Japanese Offensives: 1941-1942
Japan attacks American and British military bases across the Western Pacific.
Rapid conquests of Hong Kong, Burma, New Guinea, India
Navy used kamikazes, or suicide planes
By mid-1942 it became difficult for Japan to maintain control of vast empire.

34. Kamikaze

35. Japanese battleships Yamashiro, Fuso and Haruna

36. Bombing of Darwin, Australia; 1942

37. Prince of Wales (left, front) and Repulse (left, behind) under Japanese air attack on 10 December 1941 by a Japanese destroyer

38. Australian POW’s; Total captured – 22,000

40. War in the Pacific: Turning Points
Battle of Midway: (6/4/1942) U.S. wins its first Pacific battle by fighting entirely from the air and destroying the Japanese navy (trap!)
Code talkers discovered several planned attacks
American forces began island hopping: a military strategy of attacking specific enemy-held islands.

42. U.S. aircraft carrier, Lexington under attack in the Battle of the Coral Sea

43. Allied Offensives:
Battle of Guadalcanal: First Japanese-held territory conquered by the U.S.  huge drop in morale for Japanese
Battle of Leyte Gulf: Greatest naval battle in history; vital to stop oil production  destroys remainder of Japanese naval fleet
Battle of Iwo Jima: Japan is outnumbered; clear victory and morale boost for Allies
Battle of Okinawa: Last obstacle to an Allied invasion of the Japanese home islands  showed Allies what invasion of Japan would be like so…
Began bombing campaign in Tokyo
Decided to use the atomic bomb

44. U.S. Marines in Guadalcanal; 1942

45. General MacArthur at Leyte Gulf

47. Chinese ground forces

48. American ship, Bunker Hill, after being attacked by Kamikazes – Battle of Okinawa

50. The Manhattan Project
A 1941 top secret plan to develop the first atomic bomb.
Combination of scientists and physicists
Albert Einstein
Robert Oppenheimer
Presidential approval
FDR
Truman

51. Atomic bomb test: Los Alamos, New Mexico – July 1945

52. Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima
The first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945

53. Atomic Bombing of Nagasaki
The second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki August 9, 1945

54. Hiroshima and Nagasaki

55. Aftermath Ground Temperature 7000F Force Winds 980mph Energy Released
20,000 tons of TNT
Buildings Destroyed
62,000
Killed Immediately
80,000 people
Dead by end of 1945
140,000 people
Total Deaths
220,000 people

59. Hiroshima

60. Nagasaki

61. Japan surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur on September 2, 1945

62. Hideki Tojo Found guilty of war crimes & sentenced to death!

63. End of WWII

64. Effects of WWII 70 million soldiers fought in WWII 55 million died
Soviet Union – 22 million
Germany – 8 million
Japan – 2 million
United States – 300,000
In addition to casualties, many areas of Europe and Asia laid in ruins
Use of deadly weapons and fighting tactics made WWII the most destructive war in history!