1. Alternative Energy: Echelon Powered Photovoltaic Solar Systems
Echelon ASEAN Partner Conference
Mark Buckland
Manager of Customer Support and Training EMEA

2. Photovoltaic Solar Systems
Fastest growing power generation technology in the world
Some 21,000 MWs installed world wide
20,000 MW to be installed in India by 2022
Germany, US and Japan have 89% of installations
Projections show 14% of the world’s power from photovoltaic power in 25 years time

3. Photovoltaic Solar Systems (continued)
Building Integrated photovoltaics
Law in Spain
Solar roadways under investigation
Incentives in Europe, US and China
UK feedback price £0.444/kWh
Sahara desert could potentially supply 630 TW
World needs ~13.5 TW
Grid Parity

4. Solar Global Market Size
10 manufacturers account for 61% of market
Growth slowed significantly in 2009, but is well poised for rebound in 2010
Panel prices projected to decline 19% per year

5. Solar Inverters Market Opportunity
Inverter changes direct current (DC) electricity generated by a solar panel into alternating current (AC) for use in buildings, homes or feeding into the grid
SMA, market leader with 50% share, $1.45B revenue

6. Generic Module/String and Micro Inverter Configuration – On or Off Grid
VAC
Micro Inverter
PV Module
PV String

7. Generic Array and Inverter Configuration – On or Off Grid
Strings are connected in parallel
Poor individual string performance can drastically affect overall efficiency
VAC
Inverter
~ VDC
PV String
PV Module

8. LonWorks in PV Systems - Monitoring

9. SmartServer 2.0 in PV Systems
Higher function, lower cost than purpose built communications
Use any IP connection—wired, wireless, or dial-up
Use industry-standard machine connections
LonWorks (power line), Modbus, M-Bus, RS232/485, digital I/O or pulsecount input
Use SmartServer as gateway to existing inverter interfaces though custom drivers

10. SmartServer 2.0 in PV Systems
Web server – user interface for:
Data logging
Alarming
Monitoring and control
Voltage
Current
Efficiency
PDA interfaces

11. SmartServer 2.0 in PV Systems (continued)
Reduce development and maintenance cost
Increase the value of your performance contracts
Improve performance by ensuring uptime
Applicable to many renewable energy sources
Revenue grade power generation data can be used for energy verification and rebate programs

12. SmartServer 2.0 in PV Systems (continued)
Integrate with off the shelf monitoring applications
SOAP/XML
Valence Energy
Renewables widget
WonderWare

13. LonWorks in PV Systems - Control and Optimization

14. Fault Tolerant Energy Harvest Optimization
It is all about optimizing energy harvest from PV modules
Intelligent control and fault detection can significantly increase harvest levels
Maximum Power Point Trackers (MPPT) are high efficiency DC to DC converters that presents an optimal electrical load to a PV module/string/array
PV cells have a single operating point where the values of the current (I) and voltage (V) of the cell result in a maximum output power. These values correspond to a particular load resistance
Array level MPPT will not provide optimum performance from all strings
At string level not all modules have the same IV curves, so not all will be working optimally due to manufacturing tolerance or shading
String level MPPT provides near optimum solution
PV module optimizers provide optimum output from all modules in a string and hence an array
Per module protection diodes are not optimum solution

15. Array and Inverter Configuration
Optimization can be made at string or module level
Embed control and monitoring down to individual string or module level
Monitor performance data
Fault detection
Eliminate “Christmas Tree Light Effect”
Inverter
Power Optimizer/
Combiner 15

16. Array and Inverter Configuration
Power Optimizer
Maximizes energy harvest
Overcomes irregularities in DC levels from strings
High granular control of modules, strings and arrays
Can supports mixed panel types
Inverter
Optimizer/
Combiner

17. Array and Inverter Configuration
Use power line communications between optimiser, inverter, strings or modules
SmartServer for monitoring and control
Inverter
Optimizer/
Combiner
~ VDC
~1000VDC
Internet

18. Multi Combiner/Optimizer and Inverter Configuration
Internet

19. Array and Inverter Configuration
Single or dual axis sun tracking
Time of day, day of year

20. Module/String and Micro Inverter Configuration
SmartServer
Web based monitoring and control
Synchronisation of micro invertors
Fault detection
Internet
Internet

21. Module/String and Micro Inverter Configuration
Integrated panel and micro inverter
Internet
Internet

22. Monitoring and Control Communications
Echelon’s Power Line communications works just as well over AC or DC AC
Inverter to inverter communications DC
Optimizer to string/module communications
SmartServer has external coupling option

23. SmartServer Custom Apps
Custom Applications
String/optimizer monitoring
Micro inverter to micro inverter communications
Custom gateways
ModBus
RS485
RS232
Development tool

24. ASP Model Db Db Db
Webpages
ASP .net
Application
SOAP/XML
SS2.0
SS2.0

25. Case Study
In our infrastructure business we continue to drive the control networks market even further – expanding the market through a systematic roll-out of new products and technologies that deliver unprecedented value. We believe that this will one day be instrumental in bringing about a world where every device in connected in a network.

26. SMA
Problem
World leader of solar inverter technology, SMA, needed a way to monitor health and measure the electricity generated by panels in a solar array
Project Results
Automatically reads data from the inverters, and makes it accessible via standard web-based and local control protocols, enabling the data to be utilized by existing systems
Revenue grade power generation data can be used for energy verification and rebate programs
Solution Partners
Reference
IBM conducted more than 30 energy assessments around the world and found the average data center infrastructure efficiency (DCiE) index was 43 percent. This means 43 cents of every energy dollar are spent to power IT, while 57 cents are spent on the physical infrastructure for conditioned power and cooling.
Energy is used by the IT equipment (servers, storage and network equipment), as well as the physical infrastructure equipment, like the computer room air conditioners, uninterruptible power supplies and chillers. As a result 60 to 70 percent of the energy in a data center is used on the physical infrastructure equipment, while only 30 to 40 percent is used on the IT equipment.

27. Sarnia Project, Ontario - First Solar
Worlds largest solar farm (at least for a couple of months)
80MW when finished
Initial 50 SmartServers installed with SMA

28. Partner Quotes
"Echelon's technology provides a high level of reliability and flexibility, which we considered necessary in order to offer a more efficient and diverse solution to our customers“ "Because the LonWorks platform is an open technology, it interfaces well with most existing subsystems that our clients use, making data more accessible and helping to reduce overall systems costs.“ -Jeffrey Philpott, SMA America

29. Summary
Echelon’s SmartServer and power transceivers along with off the shelf third party software provide a composite solution to optimize and monitor energy harvests from PV Solar applications

30. Q&A
Thank You