1. Introduction to Human Systems
Unit 3

2. Milton’s Growth If you were born in Milton stand at the
front of the classroom
If you weren’t born in Milton stand at the
back

3. Milton’s Growth In 2001, Milton’s population was barely 30,000.
The last census (2011) determined Milton’s population was 84,362
In December 2012, the Town of Milton announced that their population reached 100,000
Milton is the fastest growing community in Canada with a growth rate of 56.5%

4. Human Geography
the study of the interaction between human beings and their
environment in particular places and across spatial areas.
These interactions are referred to as “Human Systems”

5. Four elements of Human Systems
Demographic Systems – population, statistics, census, patterns, graphs
Migration Systems – immigration, emigration, push and pull factors
Settlement Patterns – Where people live in Canada
Land Use Patterns – Where people live in the community and how people use land

6. Population Canada’s Population : 35,540,400 (July 2014)
2,000 years ago the world’s
population was 300 million,
today the population has reached
OVER 7,093,000,000
Ontario’s Population: 13,678,740 (July 2014)
38% of Canada’s Population lives in Ontario

7. Population One birth every one minute and thirty seconds
In Canada, there is:
One birth every one minute and thirty seconds
One death every one minute and fifty-four seconds
A net migration gain of one person every
two minutes and one second (2012, rate has increased by since).
This Means Canada's population is growing by one unit every minute and 21 seconds

8. Did you know?
The state of California has a population of million. That is more than Canada’s whole population!

9. World’s Largest Population

10. Where’s Canada?
Canada is ranked 37th in the world based on Population despite being the second largest country in the world.

11. Population control policies used by the Most Populated countries
China is home to almost 1.4 billion people. With a global population of over 7 billion, that’s one out of every five people on the planet. To control the population the government developed a “One Child Policy”
India is currently the world’s second most populous country but by 2040, India is expected to become the world’s most populous country. The government is trying to instill an “Education Policy” to encourage the use of birth control strategies. So far it has been more effective in the south of the country than the north.
Indonesia – “2 is enough campaign,” government encouragement for families to have few children. Since it’s implementation 30 years ago the fertility rate has dropped from 5.91 to 2.78.

12. Population Definitions
Demography - the study of human populations, including distribution, trends and issues. This is used in determining the human geography of Canada and other countries.
Demographers - people who study our population
Brainstorm: why do we need demographers?

13. Why we need demographers
Government needs to know…
how many people live in Canada
where people live in Canada and why
Population trends and changes
Population issues
Health care issues
Education trends
Job/Employment trends
Businesses and Industries
Social Services needed
Agriculture

14. Where do demographers get their information?
Statistics Canada is the government agency that is responsible for collecting information about Canada’s population and all aspects of Canadian life
Every 5 years Canada takes, what is called a Census
A census is an official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals
Each family completes a questionnaire and then it is tabulated and analyzed.
The census then provides a detailed collection of facts about people in Canada.

15. Population Definition
Migration - to go from one country, region, or place to another.
As shown earlier, people moved from other cities to Milton. This is an example of migration
Immigration - to move permanently into a country other than one’s native country.
Emigration - to leave your country of origin (birth) to live permanently in another country
Ex. Emigrating from Ireland to come to Canada, therefore, you are immigrating into Canada.
Net Migration-  is the difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time

16. Settlement Patterns
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17. Population Definitions Continued
Birth rate - number of births per 1000 people in the population
Death Rate - number of deaths per 1000 people in the population.

18. World Births and Deaths
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19. How to Calculate Growth
Formula: Can be used for each day or for a longer period of time
Births – deaths + immigrants – emigrants = change in Canada’s population
Once these calculations are done it can be turned into a rate of growth when comparing it to a previous period of time.

20. How to Calculate Growth Per Day Example
Births per day = 895 Deaths per day = 651
Immigrants = 649 Emigrants = 99
Calculate: Formula
Births – deaths + immigrants – emigrants = change in Canada’s population
895 births – 651 deaths immigrants – 99 emigrants = 695 new people

21. Why is Canada’s Population Increasing?
Natural Increase – more births than deaths
Net migration – more people moving into Canada each day then leaving Canada

22. Declining Population
It is possible for a country to have a negative growth rate. This means the population is decreasing.
This indicates that more people are
dying than being born and/or more
people are leaving than entering the country
For Example: Japan
Result of population control campaign
New Pro-family campaign --- Why do you think it’s failing?

23. Brainstorm- What are some reasons for a declining population?

24. Potential Reasons for population decline
Disease
War
Natural Disasters
Violence
Birth Control
Poor health care
bad economy
lack of resources – medicine, water, food
Politics
famine/ drought
More people leaving the country than entering
More deaths occurring than births

25. Population Growth Problems
Overcrowding
Pollution
Global Warming
Ozone hole
Poverty
War
Lack of land
Shortages of resources
Species becoming extinct

26. Homework
Brainstorm: Make a pro and con list regarding having a Growing Populations and another list for having a declining population. At least 5 points per category

27. Increasing Population - Advantages
more doctors, nurses
more jobs
more development – housing, technology
more consumerism and more money
more teachers, more schools, more education
Better education system
more food (maybe)
more attractions, more entertainment

28. Increasing Population – Disadvantages
more housing – takes away farmland and forestry
more pollution , more roads
less jobs for Canadians
road congestion
less resources – water, food
increase in food and food prices
poverty
strain in health care
overpopulated cities
raises taxes
more crime

29. Decreasing Population - Advantages
Less demand for land (cheaper housing prices)
Less pollution
Less road congestion
Increased sustainability of resources
Fewer overpopulated cities
More living space
Less job competition
More manageable population

30. Decreasing Population - Disadvantages
fewer doctors, nurses
Less specialized job market
less development – housing, technology
less consumerism and less money
Less education
Better education system
more food (maybe)
fewer attractions, less entertainment
Vulnerable population – age, other countries’ perception
Less Public Transportation
Raise in taxes

31. If you were the Prime Minister of Canada, would you rather have an increasing population or a decreasing population?
Why?

32. How do demographers play an important role the Canadian Government?