1. Exercise, Muscle Movements and Naming Muscular System
“On your mark,
Get set,
Go!”

2. “Use it or Lose it”- Regular exercise increases size, strength, and endurance Anatomy of a Muscle Cell
Aerobic “endurance” ex. Jogging, biking
Stronger, more flexible muscles, less fatigue, cells have more mitochondria
Increases metabolism, digestion, coordination, bone strength, heart strength, and gas exchange.
Decreases fat deposits
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Exercise Video
Resistance (isometric) is key in making muscles contract with as much force as possible.
Increases size and strength
*** You need both of the above to be fully healthy.

3. Steroids! Negative effects of steroids
Increase mass, O2 capacity of RBC’s, aggression, bloated faces, shriveled testes, infertility, blood cholesterol levels, and mental problems
*** Do you want this ???

4. Types of Movements Origin- attaches to the immovable bone
Insertion- attaches to movable bone
** When contraction occurs, the insertion moves toward the origin
Flexion = decrease angle, two bones move closer together
Extension = increase angle, two bones move farther apart
Abduction = move away from the midline
Adduction = move toward the midline
Rotation = mov’t. of bone around a long. axis

5. More movements.. Circumduction = F + E +Ad + Ab Ex. Arm in circle
Pronation = outward from anat. position
Supination = posterior to anterior
Inversion = sole inward
Eversion = sole outward
Dorsiflexion = stand on heels
Plantar flexion = stand on toes

6. Types of Muscles … Groups of muscles work together
Prime mover = one pulls one way, & the other(antagonist) returns it to the original position
*** Only one can move at a time!
Synergists = stabilizes joints when moving certain muscles
Fixators = specialized synergists

7. Naming Skeletal Muscles (all to an imaginary midline)
1) Direction of Fibers ex. rectus = straight,
oblique = slanted
2) Size ex. Maximus (large)
minimus = small
3) Location (bone it covers) ex. Frontal
4) # of Origins ex. Biceps (2)
triceps (3)
quadriceps (4)

8. More about naming muscles…
5) Location of insertion
ex. Sternocleidomastoid
6) Shape
ex. Deltoid = triangular
7) Action
ex. Flexion flexes extensor extends