1. Renaissance and Humanism
The European Renaissance began after the Middle Ages around 1450 in the Italian cities of Florence and Venice.
New way of seeing humanity
People were interested in all things having to do with antiquity
The term Renaissance refers to a
return to ancient Greek and
Roman thought.

2. Spread of Humanity Gutenberg invented the printing press around 1440.
Multiple copies could now be created
15 million copies of over 30,000 works were distributed from
How has this invention fueled the spread of ideas/knowledge throughout Europe?

3. Renaissance Art Renaissance art was strongly influenced by Humanism
Renaissance artists came up with
new techniques that they began to
use in their respective artwork.
Perspective
Mathematical and geometrical observations made it possible to show depth and distance on a flat surface.
Diagonals lines can be traced to the focal point in the painting

4. Catholic Reformation Protestant vs. Catholics?
How were the Protestants different from the followers of the Roman Catholic Church?
What were some of the complaints of the people towards the Catholic Church?
Which churches were created to replace the Catholic church?

5. Age of Exploration
Europeans wanted to find a trade route to Asia & Spread Christianity to the rest of the world
Looking for spices, gold, silk and other exotic goods to sell in European markets
Why didn’t the Europeans just travel to Asia by land?

6. Desire to Evangelize Europeans wanted to convert non-Christians
Spread Christianity to the rest of the world
Wanted to curb the expansion of Islam, especially in Africa and Asia

7. Navigation
Which tools were used/invented to help explorers find their way?
How could explorers afford to navigate across the ocean?

8. Triangular Trade
What products were taken back to the Americas from Europe?
How did Europe benefit economically from Triangular Trade?

9. Changes in the new world
What did the Europeans do whenever they found resources that interested them?
Who worked in the mines and fields before slaves from Africa?- what happened to them?
Which four countries succeeded in finding colonial empires- who lost out?

10. French Revolution Factors which led to the revolution
Enlightenment thinkers wanted change
King and Queen spending France’s money
In debt from supporting the American Revolution
Third Estate paid taxes- no benefits from doing so
Storms destroyed crops
The people were starving due to high food prices
Chaos amongst the people

11. French Revolution Enlightenment Thinkers
Inspired by American Revolution and
changes in Britain’s political hierarchy
Wrote books about separation of power, sovereignty of the people and freedom of belief
Valued individual’s role in society
Critical of existing power structure and believed individuals should be free and equal

12. French Revolution
2nd Estate (Clergy) 1%
1/3 of the vote
1st Estate (Nobility) 2%
1/3 of the vote
Third Estate
97%, 1/3 of the vote
Compare the percentage of population to their portion of the vote.
What doesn’t add up? What do these images have in common?
How was the Third Estate treated before the French Revolution?

13. French Revolution The events of the Revolution
Use your notes to describe each event in further detail
Financial Crisis in France due to their participation
in America’s War of Independence
Convening of the Estates General by King Louis XVI
Forming of the first National Assembly & Signing of the Tennis Court Oath
Creation of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
The Storming of the Bastille
Mobs of angry women attack Chateau Versailles sending the Royal Family to Paris
King tries to flee France with his family, he is arrested and returned to Paris
The Reign of Terror and execution of
King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette