1. “Believe in yourself, or no one else will”

2. The Enlightenment and Revolution 1550-1789
Chapter 6

3. The Scientific Revolution
6.1 Pg. 189

4. Medieval View Most thought earth was center of universe
Geocentric Theory
Religion taught God put earth in center

5. New Way of Thinking Challenged the ideas of ancient thinkers & Church
Scientific Revolution
New way of thinking about the natural world
Discovered lands previously unknown to Europe
Printing press helped challenge ideas
Helped fuel scientific research
Better instruments and geographic measurements

6. Heliocentric Theory Copernicus
Studied planetary movements for over 25 years
Decided sun was at center of universe
Feared scholars & clergy
Scientists continue with Copernicus theory
Galileo Galilei
Build telescope in 1609
Noticed Sun had dark spots
Moon was not smooth

7. Conflict with Church Galileo’s findings scared the church
Went against church teachings
Church warned to not defend ideas
Galileo publishes a book
Church summons him to Rome
Threat to torture reads confession
Lived under house arrest
Church finally admits he was right in 1992

8. Scientific Method Logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas
Frances Bacon
Rene Descartes
‘I think therefore I am”

9. Newton Theories of motion
Force that ruled motion of planets applied to other matter
Gravity

10. Revolution spreads Instruments Microscope Mercury barometer
Thermometer
Medicine
Dissection of corpses
Smallpox vaccine
Chemistry
thought things were made up of much smaller particles

11. Homework Poster Full size paper Fully colored
New idea/technology in 6.1

12. “Easy is the path to wisdom for those not blinded by ego”

13. The Enlightenment in Europe
6.2 Pg. 195

14. Government Hobbes Convinced all humans were naturally selfish & wicked
People had to hand over to strong ruler
Called this social contract
Locke
Believed people could learn from experience and improve themselves
Natural ability to govern own affairs - self-government
3 natural rights
Life, Liberty and property

15. 5 Philosophes Reason - find truth through logical thinking
Nature - What is natural is good & reasonable
Happiness - urge people to seek well-being on earth
Progress - Society and humankind can improve
Liberty - In the bill of rights

16. Writers
Voltaire
Fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief & speech
“I do not agree with a word you say but will defend to the death your right to say it”
Montesquieu
proposed separation of powers so no one person could control the government
Rousseau
Believed civilization corrupted peoples natural goodness

17. Women Many philosophes challenged government, society, education
kept women at their social status
Mary Wollstonecraft
Said women need an education
Women spread enlightenment through social gatherings & salons

18. Legacy Belief in progress growth of scientific knowledge
Secular Outlook
Non-religious outlook
People question the church
Importance of the Individual
People look to themselves for guidance
Use reason to judge what was right or wrong

19. Homework
6.1 & 6.2 Vocab
REMEMBER!!!
Staple!
Label
Your name

20. The Enlightenment Spreads
6.3 Pg. 202

21. The Enlightenment Spreads
Diderot’s Encyclopedia
Created a large set of books where scholars contributed articles
Enlightenment angers French & Catholic Church
Said it undermined royal authority, encouraged revolt
Fostered “Moral corruption, irreligion & unbelief

22. Neoclassical Style Emerges
1600’s - early 1700’s Baroque - grand, ornate design
Late 1700’s - Neoclassical
Music
New style of music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Beethoven

23. Enlightenment & Monarchy
Fredrick the Great
Granted religious freedoms, reduced censorship, improved education
Never tried to change the existing social order
Called himself “First servant of the state”
Joseph II
Ruled Austria
supported freedom of worship
Abolished serfdom

24. Enlightenment Cont. Catherine the Great Ruled Russia from 1762-1796
Formed a commission to review Russia’s laws
Religious toleration
Did little to help peasants after 1773
Expanded Russian territory
Black Sea
Parts of Poland