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SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY
FUNCTIONS, PARTS, & PROBLEMS
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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
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SKELETAL SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR BODY PROTECT INTERNAL TISSUES & ORGANS FRAMEWORK FOR MUSCLES MOVEMENT PRODUCE RED & WHITE BLOOD CELLS STORE FAT AND MINERALS
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STRUCTURES OF SKELETAL SYSTEM
206 BONES long bones, flat bones, short bones, irregular bones CONNECTIVE TISSUES CARTILAGE LIGAMENTS TENDONS JOINTS
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SKETETAL SYSTEM
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SKELETAL SYSTEM PROBLEMS
FRACTURES ARTHRITIS OSTEOPOROSIS SCOLIOSIS
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM
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MUSCULAR FUNCTION Involuntary processes such as breathing, heart beat, and digestion Voluntary movements such as running, lifting, throwing a ball
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM PARTS Smooth muscles: involuntary control, found in lining of vessels and organs Skeletal muscles: attached to bones, cause body movement (triceps, biceps, quads) Cardiac muscle: wall of heart
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM PROBLEMS
Bruises Muscle strain or sprain Hernia Muscular dystrophy
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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
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NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
Coordinate all of the activities inside your body Nerves transmit messages to every organ Helps with things such as breathing, digesting food, feeling pain, and sensing fear
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NERVOUS SYSTEM PARTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
BRAIN-CEREBRUM, CEREBELLUM, BRAIN STEM SPINAL CORD PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NERVES
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NERVOUS SYSTEM DIAGRAM
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NERVOUS SYSTEM PROBLEMS
HEADACHES EPILEPSY HEAD & SPINAL INJURIES MENINGITIS MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS CEREBRAL PALSY PARKINSON’S DISEASE ALZHEIMER’S
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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
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CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION
Circulate blood to nourish all the cells in the body
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CARDIOVASCULAR PARTS Heart—four chambers; atria & ventricles
Blood vessels arteries—carry blood away from heart capillaries—carry blood between arterioles & venules veins—return blood to heart Blood plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
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DIAGRAM
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CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS
Congenital heart defects Cardiovascular disease—high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke Heart murmur—abnormal heart sounds Varicose veins—weakened vein valves Anemia—ability of blood to carry oxygen reduced Leukemia—cancer involving white blood cells Hemophilia—blood doesn’t clot properly
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM FUNCTION
BREATHING-EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN & CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE LUNGS
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PARTS
NOSE TRACHEA LUNGS BRONCHI BRONCHIOLES AVEOLI
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PROBLEMS
BRONCHITIS SINUSITIS PNEUMONIA ASTHMA TUBERCULOSIS EMPHYSEMA LUNG CANCER
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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTION
BASIC FUNCTION OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM INCLUDES: DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, & ELIMINATION BREAKS DOWN FOOD AND ABSORBS THE NUTRIENTS WE NEED, THEN ELIMINATES THE WASTE
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM PARTS
TEETH, SALIVARY GLANDS, TONGUE ESOPHAGUS STOMACH LIVER APPENDIX GALLBLADDER SMALL INTENSTINE LARGE INTESTINE(COLON)
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DIAGRAM
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM PROBLEMS
CONSTIPATION COLITIS COLON CANCER HEARTBURN, INDIGESTION DIARRHEA, GAS, NAUSEA APPENDICITIS ULCERS CIRRHOSIS CROHN’S DISEASE HEMORRHOIDS
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THE URINARY SYSTEM
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URINARY SYSTEM FUNCTION
Filter waste and extra fluid from the blood
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URINARY SYSTEM PARTS Kidneys-bean-shaped organs that remove waste from the blood Nephrons-filtering unit in kidneys Ureters-tubes that connect kidneys to bladder Bladder—storage organ for urine Urethra-tube from bladder to outside of body that urine travels through
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DIAGRAM-URINARY SYSTEM
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URINARY SYSTEM PROBLEMS
Cystitis – inflammation of bladder Urethritis—inflammation of urethra Nephritis—inflammation of nephrons Kidney stones Uremia-decrease in blood filtration by kidneys Kidney failure
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FUNCTION
SECRETES HORMONES INTO THE BLOOD
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM PARTS
PITUITARY GLAND THYROID GLAND PINEAL GLAND ADRENAL GLANDS HYPOTHALAMUS GLAND REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS HORMONES
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DIAGRAM
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM PROBLEMS
DIABETES GOITER GRAVES’ DISEASE HYPOTHYROIDISM HYPERTHYROIDISM CUSHING’S DISEASE
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THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM FUNCTION
FIGHTS INFECTION AND PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE BODY’S IMMUNITY TO DISEASE
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM PARTS
SPLEEN THYMUS GLAND TONSILS VESSELS DUCTS NODES
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM DIAGRAM
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM PROBLEMS
IMMUNE DEFICIENCY HODGKIN’S DISEASE TONSILITIS
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CARE Physical activity Adequate rest
Well-balanced diet low in saturated fats, cholesterol, and salt Maintain healthy weight Avoid tobacco products, secondhand smoke, and drugs Regular checkups
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