1. *Optional, Up to 20 Extra Points
Meteo 003: Lab 9
Chapter 14: 3ab, 4ac
Chapter 15: 1ad, 5abc, 6, 7b, 8a, *12abc
*Optional, Up to 20 Extra Points

2. 14.3ab pg. 626 a) What is the environmental lapse rate of this layer?
Make sure to justify your answer about the stability of the layer. b)
Which lapse rate would you use for each level (1-2 km, 2-3 km)?
Find the new temperatures after lifting
Recall: Dry adiabatic lapse rate = 10ᵒC/km
Moist adiabatic lapse rate = 6ᵒC/km

3. 14.4ac pg. 627
*No part B a)
Isopleth 500mb chart starting with 5700m (570) height
The last zero is not shown at each location, ex) 5640m = 546 on map
Where is the 500mb trough located and how is this favorable? c)
What about the layer made it unstable? (It might be helpful to calculate environmental lapse rates)
Be sure to reference both temperature and moisture profiles – what effect does high amounts of low-level moisture have on evaluating the stability of a layer of air?

4. 15.1ad pg. 667 *No part B or C *See map in next slide a)
Hint: there are 14 states you should list
What is a big difference about Texas? d)
F3, F4, and F5 tornadoes are well documented over time
Is the trend increasing or decreasing leading into today?

6. 15.5abc pg. 669 a)
Storm winds and storm movement are added together to find max wind speed b)
Rotational winds and suction vortices are rotating counterclockwise
Which side of the tornado has winds coming at you (assume eastward movement of the tornado)? c)
Which rating does 205mph match up to on the Enhanced Fujita scale?

7. 15.6 pg. 669 With strong enough winds, all objects can become airborne
Rough equation to estimate the wind speed needed:
𝑉= 195 𝑥 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
V (wind speed) is in mph
No unit conversions needed for these calculations (use the values given)
Ex) What wind speed would make a 6 square foot, 300 pound person airborne?
Assume exposed surface area is 6 ft^2 (from book).
V = SQRT(195*(300/6)) = 98.7 mph

8. 15.7b pg. 670 *No part A b) Mesocyclone is a rotating thunderstorm
Conservation of angular momentum is similar to a figure skater spinning
When they bring their arms in, they spin faster
As radius decreases, velocity must increase to conserve angular momentum

9. 15.8a pg.

10. *15.12abc (optional) pg. 673 a)
Divide yards by 1760 to convert to miles
Multiply path length and path width to get area covered (sq. miles)
Sum all the areas to get total area affected b)
Divide the total area affected by 40,000 sq. miles
The percentage you get is the probability of random location in the area being affected c)
Use table on pg. 675 to find percentage of path with levels of damage
Use the area of each level of damage to find total percentage of area in watch area affected

11. Chapter 14: 3ab, 4ac Chapter 15: 1ad, 5abc, 6, 7b, 8a,. 12abc
Chapter 14: 3ab, 4ac Chapter 15: 1ad, 5abc, 6, 7b, 8a, *12abc *Optional, Up to 22 Extra Points
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me if you have any questions!