1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

2. Anatomy – the structure of body parts (also called Morphology)
Physiology – the function of the body parts, what they do and how they do it
The structure determines the function.

3. Fig. 1.3

4. Table 1.1

5. Axial Portion - head, neck, trunk Appendicular Portion - arms & legs
1. Several body cavities & Layers of membranes within cavities 2. Variety of organs and organ systems within cavities (VISCERA = internal organs. "Visceral organs")

6. Body Cavities Dorsal = back side Ventral = front side
Thoracic = chest (heart, trachea, lungs..)
Abdomen = stomach area (spleen, intestines)
Pelvic = lower abdomen (bladder, reproductive organs)
DIAPHRAGM:  Separates the thoracic and pelvic region

9. Inner layer = visceral (lines the organs)
MEMBRANES
Serous Membrane - two layers, covers organs
Outer layer = parietal
Inner layer = visceral (lines the organs)
Serous fluid – lubricating fluid

10. Other Membranes
Pleura = lungs
Pericardium = heart
Peritoneum = organs (abdominopelvic region)

11. Visceral Pleura Parietal Pleura
Visceral and Parietal always mean the same thing.
Visceral points toward the guts Parietal points toward the outside
Visceral Pleura Parietal Pleura
Visceral Pericardium Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Peritoneum Parietal Peritoneum
LUNGS
HEART
INTESTINES

12. How does each help maintain homeostasis?
1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Digestive
7. Circulatory
8. Lymphatic
8. Urinary
9. Reproductive
Organ Systems
How does each help maintain homeostasis?

13. Table 1.2

14. 8. Distal 9. Superficial 10. Deep
Anatomical Terminology Anatomical Position = standing erect, face forward, arms at side, palms facing forward *Study and learn the following terms*
1. Superior
2. Inferior
3. Anterior
4. Posterior
5. Medial
6. Lateral
7. Proximal
8. Distal 9. Superficial 10. Deep

16. Fig. 1.25