1. Growth LATER REPUBLIC (P. 338-343)
Expanded to most of Italian Peninsula
Used legions (groups of 6000 soldiers)
Flexible, well-organized

2. Farming & Trade
-Most farmers but then many moved to city after farms were destroyed. Rich owned farms and slaves worked -Trade expanded farmers couldn’t make enough food brought metal & slaves coins made of copper, silver, etc.

3. Punic Wars Wars against Carthage (3) For Sicily – 20 years of
fighting, Romans won
2) Hannibal (Carthage general) attach & destroy much land (many farmers lose land). Rome attached Carthage & Hannibal returned to Africa. Romans won
3) Rome burned Carthage & killed or enslaved many citizens. Romans won

5. Further expansion
-Control Sicily, Corsica, Spain, N. Africa, Gaul -Adopted many ideas from conquered Greeks

6. Problems in Republic -Senators Tiberius & Gracchus try to help
poor citizens, but they were killed
-Generals became more powerful due
to troop loyalty
-Spartacus led slave rebellion (lost, but
inspired many to
rebel)