1. Ch. 9 “From the Andes to the Amazon”

2. Ch 9.1 “Land and Resources”
Mountains and Highlands
Andes Mountains:
Mountain range that stretches from:
North America (Rockies)
Central America (Sierra Madre)
South America (Andes)
Highlands:
The hilly or mountaineous sections of a country
Ex. The Brazilian Highlands

3. Plains for grain and Livestock
Llanos: (Colombia, Venezuela)
Grassy, treeless areas used for livestock and farming
Resemble the Great Plains of US
Cerrado: (Brazil)
Savannas, flat terrain, moderate rainfall, suitable for farming
Pampas: (Argentina, Uraguay)
Grasslands with rich soil

4. Amazon and other Rivers
Orinoco
Orinoco: (Venezuela)
1,500 mi.
Amazon:
4,000 mi
Carries more water to the ocean than any other river
Paraná:
3,000 mi.
Paraguay and Argentina
Amazon
Paraná

5. Islands of the Caribbean
Lesser
Antilles
Greater Antilles: Cuba , Jamaica, Hispaniola,
Puerto Rico

6. Resources of Latin America
Abundant supplies of coal and iron
Large deposits of oil and natural gas beneath Gulf of Mexico floor
Among world leaders in mining of natural materials

7. 9.2 “Climate and Vegetation”
Tropical climate zone
Tropical Wet:
Rainforests: dense forests made up of different species of trees
Ex: Amazon
Tropical Wet and Dry
Hot climates with seasonal rain

8. Rainforests

9. Dry Climate Zones Found in Mexico and South America
Semiarid- dry with some rain; grass-covered plains
Desert- dry areas, little rain; shrubs
Atacama Desert in Chile

10. Mid-Latitude Climate Zones
Humid Subtropical
Rainy winters, hot and humid summers
Mediterranean
Hot dry summers, cool moist winters
Marine West Coast
Cool rainy winters, mild rainy summers
Highlands
Vary from moderate to cold depends on elevation

11. 9.3 “Human Environment Interaction”
Agriculture Reshapes Environment

12. Slash and burn technique:
Cut vegetation, burned, ash acts as fertilizer for crops
Negative: destruction of rainforest

13. Terraced farming: Technique for growing crops on hillsides or slopes
Reduces soil erosion

14. Urbanization: The move to cities
Due to:
Push Factors: “push” people to leave rural areas
poor medical, poor educ., low pay jobs
Pull Factors: “pull” people towards cities
Higher pay jobs, better school, better medical
Rapidly growing cities
Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Lima (Peru)
Strain on infrastructure; air & water pollution, crime, poverty.

15. Tourism Positives: Negatives: Brings money in
Helps to close gap between rich and poor
Negatives:
Strain on communities
$ gap between wealthy tourist and poor locals = resentment