1. Textbook Prologue Questions
Answers

2. 1. According to astronomer Owen Gingrich, what “is by far the most complex physical object known to us in the entire cosmos”?

3. 1. According to astronomer Owen Gingrich, what “is by far the most complex physical object known to us in the entire cosmos”?
The Brain

4. 2. Page 2: Who is considered to have run psychology’s first experiment and launched the first psychology laboratory?

5. 2. Page 2: Who is considered to have run psychology’s first experiment and launched the first psychology laboratory?
Wilhelm Wundt

6. 3. Page 3: Write a definition/ description of Edward Bradford Titchener’s division (school) of psychology called structuralism.

7. 3. Page 3: Write a definition/ description of Edward Bradford Titchener’s division (school) of psychology called structuralism.
* Unreliable

8. 4. Write a definition/ description of William James’ division (school) of psychology called functionalism.

9. 4. Write a definition/ description of William James’ division (school) of psychology called functionalism.

10. 5. Page 4: What did the other students do when Mary Calkins enrolled in William James’ graduate seminar?

11. The other students (all men) dropped out.
5. Page 4: What did the other students do when Mary Calkins enrolled in William James’ graduate seminar?
The other students (all men) dropped out.

12. 6. How long did it take William James to write his textbook Principles of Psychology? Why do you think it took so long?

13. 6. How long did it take William James to write his textbook Principles of Psychology? Why do you think it took so long?
Twelve years! ( )

14. 7. Page 5: Until the 1920s, what was the definition of psychology?

15. 7. Page 5: Until the 1920s, what was the definition of psychology?
“the science of mental life”

16. 8. From the 1920s to the 1960s, what was the definition of psychology?

17. 8. From the 1920s to the 1960s, what was the definition of psychology?
“the scientific study of observable behavior”

18. 9. Write a definition/ description of John B. Watson’s and B. F
9. Write a definition/ description of John B. Watson’s and B.F. Skinner’s division (school) called behaviorism.

19. 9. Write a definition/ description of John B. Watson’s and B. F
9. Write a definition/ description of John B. Watson’s and B.F. Skinner’s division (school) called behaviorism.

20. 10. Who were two “pioneers” of humanistic psychology?

21. 10. Who were two “pioneers” of humanistic psychology?

22. 11. Page 6: What is today’s definition of psychology?

23. 11. Page 6: What is today’s definition of psychology?
“the science of behavior and mental processes”

24. 12. What is a simple definition of behavior?

25. 12. What is a simple definition of behavior?
“anything an organism does—any action we can observe and record”

26. 13. What is a simple definition of mental processes?

27. 13. What is a simple definition of mental processes?
“the internal, subjective experiences we infer from behavior– sensations, perceptions, dreams, thoughts, beliefs, and feelings”

28. 14. Is psychology a science?

29. 14. Is psychology a science?

30. 15. Page 7: Write a brief explanation of the nature-nurture issue.

31. 15. Page 7: Write a brief explanation of the nature-nurture issue.
“Nurture works on what nature endows.”

32. 16. Page 8: Write the three “influences” of the biopsychosocial approach.

33. 17. Page 11: What are psychiatrists licensed to provide that most mental healthcare providers are not?

34. 17. Page 11: What are psychiatrists licensed to provide that most mental healthcare providers are not?