1. Geography: Maps and Map Skills

2. Kinds of Maps General Reference Maps
Provide the reader general information about an area or place.
Thematic Maps
Provide more specific information about an area or place than general reference maps.

3. General reference

4. Thematic Map

5. Different Types of Maps
Physical Maps
Political Maps
Mental Maps
Population Maps
Climate Maps
Vegetation Maps

6. Physical Maps Physical Maps
show physical features using shading or different colors

7. Political Maps
Political Maps show political features such as national boundaries and borders
Europe After WWII.
The Cold War
Europe Before WWII

8. Mental Maps
Mental maps are our mind’s representation of how something looks.
How someone older or an adult may see the world in their mind.
Much more complex
How a child may see the world in their mind.

9. Reading Maps Map Parts Title Legend or Key Grid System
Direction/compass
Scale
Map orientation – This has to do with direction

10. Compass
Title
Scale

11. Map Scale
The map scale tells you the relationship between the distance on the map and the true distance on the surface of the Earth.
To calculate distance measure the distance on the map and then place on the scale to measure the true difference
Be careful to make sure you have the correct unit.
Many maps have both miles and kilometers

12. Compass
Is used to orient a map toward north

13. Latitude
The set of lines crossing the Earth’s surface horizontally, Circling east and west.
Each line of latitude is always an equal distance from the next.
They are also known as parallels. All latitude lines are parallel to each other.

14. Longitude
A set of lines that run vertically along Earth’s surface from the North Pole to the South Pole

15. Global Grid
When lines of latitude and longitude cross a grid is formed. The grid is used to located certain places on earth

16. Direction
The other part needed to locate places on Earth is direction.
Cardinal directions are: north, south, east, and west.
Intermediate directions are: northeast, southeast, northwest, and southwest. They are located midway between the cardinal directions.

17. Using Latitude & Longitude to Locate Places
Lines of latitude are numbered based on how far north or south they are from an imaginary line called the equator
This line circles the Earth exactly halfway between the NP and SP.
The equator’s latitude degree is 00.
Area between the equator and NP is “north” latitude
Area between the equator and SP is “south” latitude

18. This line is called the Prime Meridian.
Lines of longitude are numbered based on how far east or west they are from another imaginary line.
This line is called the Prime Meridian.
Prime Meridian’s longitude degree is 00.
There are 1800 of longitude east of the PM and 1800 degrees west of it.
Area east of the PM is known as “east” longitude.

20. Find the Latitude and Longitude of the following cities
Alice Springs
22ºS, 133ºE
Sydney
34ºS, 150ºE
Darwin
14ºS, 131ºE
Which city is closest to 20ºS Latitude?
La Grange

21. Hemispheres
The earth can be divided into halves. Each of these halves is called a hemisphere.

22. Hemispheres at the Equator
The ½ north of the equator is called the northern hemisphere
The ½ south of the equator is called the southern hemisphere

23. Hemispheres at Prime Meridian and International Date Line
Earth can also be divided into hemispheres at the circle formed by the prime meridian and International date line
The ½ east of the prime meridian is called the eastern hemisphere.
The ½ west of the prime meridian is called the western hemisphere.