1. Disorders of the Respiratory System

2. Understand the Disorders of the Respiratory System Essential questions
What are some disorders of the respiratory system?
How are disorders of the respiratory system treated?
What is the importance of the respiratory system as it relates to immunity?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the respiratory system?
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3. Respiratory Disorders: Asthma
What is asthma?
Caused by an allergenor psychological stress.
Causes inflammation in airway and causes obstruction.
Who most likely has it?
Found mostly in children
Around 5% of Americans have asthma
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4. Respiratory Disorders: Asthma
What are symptoms?
Difficulty exhaling
Dyspnea
Wheezing
Tightness in the chest
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5. Respiratory Disorders: Asthma
What is treatment?
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Inhaled bronchodilators (inhaler)
During an asthma attack a rescue inhaler is used to open up airways quickly
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6. Respiratory Disorders: Bronchitis
What is bronchitis?
The inflammation of the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchial tubes, producing excessive mucous.
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7. Respiratory Disorders: Bronchitis
Two Types of bronchitis
Acute -
Characterized by cough, fever, substernal pain and Rales (raspy breath sounds)
Comes and then goes
Chronic -
Middle or old age, cigarette smoking most common cause
lasts a lifetime
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8. Respiratory Disorders: COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
What is COPD and what is the leading cause?
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9. Respiratory Disorders: COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
Term that refers to lung disease such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthmatic obstruction to the patient’s airflow that interferes with normal breathing
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10. Respiratory Disorders: COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
Primary Risk Factors
Smoking
Dust
Chemicals
Pollution
What is COPD and what is the leading cause?
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11. Respiratory Disorders: Common Cold
Rhinitis
a.k.a. COMMON COLD
Common cold is a contagious viral, respiratory infection.
It is passed from person to person.
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12. Respiratory Disorders: Common Cold
Rhinitis - COMMON COLD
Contributing Factors leading to a cold
Chilling (not wearing a coat, hat and gloves)
Fatigue
Poor Nutrition - not eating well
Not getting enough sleep
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13. Respiratory Disorders: Common Cold
Treatment
Stay in Bed
Drink warm liquids and juice
Sleep
Good nutrition
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14. Respiratory Disorders: Common Cold
What is best preventative measure?
Hand washing
How long should you wash your hands?
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15. Respiratory disorders: Emphysema
What is emphysema?
Disorder of the Alveoli
The alveoli become distended and lose their elasticity and can’t rebound, they may eventually rupture
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16. Respiratory disorders: Emphysema
What is emphysema?
Disorder of the Alveoli
Air becomes trapped in alveoli and can’t exhale.
Forced exhalation is required to release the air.
Dyspnea increases as disease progresses
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17. Respiratory disorders: Emphysema
Who is most likely to have it?
Cigarette smokers
Persons working around aerosol irritants
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18. Respiratory disorders: Emphysema
How is it treated?
Alleviate the symptoms
Decrease exposure to respiratory irritants
Prevent infections
Oxygen therapy
bronchodilators
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19. Respiratory Disorders: Influenza
A viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Is a flu shot beneficial? Why or why not?
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20. Respiratory Disorders: Influenza

21. Respiratory Disorders: Influenza
Know the Flu FACTS
F - fever
A - aches
C - chills
T - Tiredness
S - Sudden onset
Treatment:
Treat symptoms
Doctor for anti-viral (Tamiflu)
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22. Respiratory disorders: Pneumonia
An infection of the lungs.
Caused by bacteria or a virus
Alveoli fill with thick fluid
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23. Respiratory disorders: Pneumonia
Symptoms:
Chest pain
Fever
Chills
dyspnea
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24. Respiratory disorders: Pneumonia
Diagnosis:
X-ray
Listening to lungs
Treatment
Oxygen
Antibiotics if bacterial infection not viral
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25. Respiratory Disorders: Sinusitis
infection of mucous membranes of sinuses.
bacterial or viral
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26. Respiratory Disorders: Sinusitis
Symptoms:
Pain in sinuses
Nasal discharge
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27. Respiratory Disorders: Sinusitis
Treatment:
Humidifier
Drink plenty of fluids
Warm cloth to face several times a day
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28. Respiratory Disorders: Pneumothorax
This condition occurs if there is a buildup of air within the pleural cavity on one side of the chest 28

29. Respiratory Disorders: Pneumothorax
In a pneumothorax the excess air increases pressure on the lung causing the lung to collapse.
Breathing is not possible with a collapsed lung.
But the unaffected lung will continue to breath.
What can cause a pneumothorax?
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30. Respiratory Disorders: Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial lung disease that forms lesions called tubercles in the lungs.
Diagnosis
Skin test (if positive then..)
Chest x-ray
Sputum culture
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31. Respiratory Disorders: Tuberculosis
What type of standard precautions should be followed?
Symptoms of TB
Cough
Low grade fever in pm
Weight loss
Night sweats
Treatment
antibiotics

32. Relevance of nutrients to respiratory system
The respiratory system plays a vital role in homeostasis
What is the relevance to your health.
What is the relevance to the body’s use of nutrients?
Did you know???
Vitamin D- prevents respiratory disease in newborns
Folate- prevents respiratory infections
Vitamin E- prevents common colds
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33. Review the Disorders of the
Respiratory System Answer the Essential questions
What are some disorders of the respiratory system?
How are disorders of the respiratory system treated?
What is the importance of the respiratory system as it relates to immunity?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the respiratory system?
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