1. The Asian Longhorned Tick – In the US and Coming to Canada
Centre for Vector-borne Diseases
National Centres for Animal Diseases
Lethbridge, Alberta 1

2. Joel Hutcheson
CFIA, National Centre for Animal Diseases
Centre for Vector-borne Diseases (Lethbridge, AB)
Shaun Dergousoff
AAFC, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre
Ecology & Biology of Arthropod Vectors of Livestock Pathogens
Robbin Lindsay
PHAC, National Microbiology Laboratory
Dept. of Field Studies, Zoonotic Diseases & Special Pathogens

3. Haemaphysalis longicornis “Asian longhorned tick”
Origin, spread and global distribution
Incursion into North America (U.S.A.)
Biological properties (that affect dispersal, establishment & vectorial capacity)
Potential for range expansion
Identification / comparative morphology
Veterinary importance
Potential public health significance

4. Haemaphysalis longicornis
“Bush tick”
“Cattle tick”
“Asian tick”
“Longhorned tick”

5. Haemaphysalis longicornis “Asian longhorned tick”
Aug 22, 2018
The following new proposed common name was recently approved by the ESA Committee on Common Names and is being submitted to the ESA membership for comment.
Proposed common name: Asian longhorned tick Scientific name: Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901

6. H. Longicornis Global Distribution
Originating countries:
NE China
Japan
Korea
Russia
Invaded countries:
Australia
New Caledonia
Fiji
New Zealand
Other south Pacific islands
Hoogstraal, H., F. H. S. Roberts, G. M. Kohls, and V. J. Tipton J Parasitol. 54: 1197.

7. http://www.promedmail.org/post/5462146 Hunterdon County, NJ
Rainey, T., J. L. Occi, R. G. Robbins, and A. Egizi Discovery of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Parasitizing a Sheep in New Jersey, United States. J Med Entomol. 55: 757–759.
Hunterdon County, NJ

8. H. longicornis reported from 23 counties in 9 states:
New Jersey
Virginia
West Virginia
Arkansas
North Carolina
Pennsylvania
Maryland
New York (incl. Staten Island)
Connecticut

9. Biological properties (that affect dispersal, establishment & vectorial capacity)
Wide host range
including birds
domestic animals
Parthenogenic
high abundance
Survives in wide range of environmental
conditions (esp. temperate regions)

10. Predictive model for suitable habitat of H
Predictive model for suitable habitat of H. longicornis in North America
Based on biological requirements & habitat suitability in NZ: 5 4 3 2 1
1. Annual mean temp > 12C
2. Minimum temp in July >2C
3. Maximum temp in July >12C
4. Annual total pptn >1000 mm
5. Elevation < 300 m
Figure 1. Habitat suitability of areas across North America for Haemaphysalis longicornis.
Magori, K Preliminary prediction of the potential distribution and consequences of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in the United States and North America, using a simple rule-based climate envelope model. bioRxiv. Pre-print:

11. Female Nymph Photo credit: James Gathany (CDC)
Nymph
Female
Photo credit: James Gathany (CDC)

12. engorged (left) and partially engorged (middle) female, and engorged larva (right)
Photo credit: James L. Occi, Rutgers Univ

13. Ticks found in Canada (Females):
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodes cookei
Dermacentor variabilis
Amblyomma americanum
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Haemaphysalis leporispalustris
Source: Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec (LSPQ)
2nd endemic Haemaphysalis spp:
Bird tick
H. chordeilis

14. Barker, S. C. , and A. R. Walker. 2014. Ticks of Australia
Barker, S. C., and A. R. Walker Ticks of Australia. The species that infest domestic
animals and humans. Zootaxa. 3816: 1.

15. Hosts Cattle Horses Deer Sheep Goats Birds People
Can occur in large numbers on hosts
Infested sheep’s ear (Hunterdon County, NJ) Rainey et al. 2018

16. Effects on livestock / wildlife
Pest
Direct effects of feeding
Anemia  weakness, ↓ growth
Exsanguination  death
Vector (known or potential)
Theileria orientalis (cattle theileriosis)
Anaplasma spp.
Babesia spp.

17. Public Health Significance
Currently known or suspect vector of:
Powassan virus
Rickettsia japonica (Oriental spotted fever)
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome virus (SFTS)
Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, & Borrelia spp. detected in field populations in China & Korea
Endemic pathogens in the USA and Canada:
Borrelia burgdorferi?
Other Borrelia spp?
Anaplasma phagocytophilum?
Ehrlichia chaffeensis?
Rickettsia rickettsii?
Also: Red Meat Allergy

18. Control Permethrin (used on sheep in Hunterdon County, NJ)
Detection and identification
surveillance (active & passive)
reporting
Human and animal tick submission programs in some provinces
or contact Joel, Robbin, or Shaun to coordinate ID

19. Acknowledgements Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge,
National Centres for Animal Diseases
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre
Public Health Agency of Canada
United States Department of Agriculture
Various Tick Collectors Worldwide