1. Science Framework for Ecosystem-Based Management
Objective: Define general strategy for an ecosystem approach to management focusing on diverse ecosystem services,
societal preferences, and associated tradeoffs
Illustrate with real world example(s)

2. The Problem Societal preferences imperfectly known
-- Specify Utility Functions
Ecosystem processes incompletely known
Data/Model limitations for some or all components
-- Adopt risk assessment framework
-- Adopt broad definition of model

3. Approach Identify Key Ecosystem Services
Define Objectives for Management unit
Specify Relationships among Services, State Variables, Drivers, and Control Variables
-- Dynamical Models
-- Static Models
-- Empirical Predictors
-- Indicators
Evaluate Policy Options
Models Broadly
Defined

4. Define Objectives for Management
Subject to:
where the wi are (imperfectly known) weighting coefficients,
the Vi are the values associated with different ecosystem
services (a function of a valuation coefficient vi and a set of
state variables Xi, driver variables Yj and control variables Ck

5. Ecosystem Services Locally Caught Seafood (commercial) Sport Fishing
We’ve targeted:
Ecosystem Services
Locally Caught Seafood (commercial)
Sport Fishing
Ecotourism
Diving
Shoreline Protection / Water Quality

6. Drivers Shoreline Development Demand for Local Seafood Tourist Demand
Diver Demand
Recreational Demand
Other (Exogenous) Drivers [e.g. Climate Forcing (ENSO)]

7. Shoreline Development
Diving
Ecotourism
Abalone
Harvest
Rockfish
Harvest
Shoreline
Protection
Otters
Abalone Biomass
Urchin Biomass
Rockfish Biomass
Kelp
Shoreline Development

8. Driver Pressure State Impact Response Kelp Forest Example Shoreline
Development
Increased
Turbidity
Canopy
Cover
Tourism/Diving
Species Abundance
SL Protection
Change
Land use
Ecosystem
Indicators
Ecological
Models
Forecasts &
Risk Assessments
Management
Evaluation

9. Real World Example?
Develop Ecosystem-Based Management Plan for Monterey Bay National Marine
Sanctuary
Identify choice that is societally relevant with sufficient
understanding/data to allow reasonable evaluation of
policy alternatives

10. Data
Availability
and Quality
High for
MBNMS
MBARI

23. Conclusion
Sufficient data/understanding available for MBNMS to warrant consideration for
test case