1. Carbohydrates

2. I. Elements
Carbon (C)
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O)

3. II. Building Blocks (Monomers)
Monosaccharide
Mono= 1
Saccharide= Sugar
Ex. glucose

4. III. Functions
A. Main source of energy
B. Structure in some organisms

5. IV. Groups Monosaccharide (1 sugar molecule)
Disaccharide (2 sugar molecules)
Polysaccharide (many sugar molecules)

6. A. Testing for a monosaccharide.
Indicator = Benedict’s
Turns orange if present

7. B. Testing for the presence of a Polysaccharide.
Indicator = Iodine
Turns dark blue/black if present

8. VI. Examples of Carbohydrate Molecules
Monosaccharide
EX: Glucose (fruits) C6H12O6

9. B. Disaccharide What do you think the chemical formula is?
EX: Sucrose (table sugar)
C12H22O11
-EX: Lactose (milk sugar)

10. Polysaccharides Ex: STARCH=stored energy in plants (potatoes)
Ex: GLYCOGEN=stored energy in animals (muscle & liver cells)

11. UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Ex. Cellulose - Most abundant organic compound- in plant cell walls.
Used in manufacturing cardboard, paper, cotton…

12. Insect exoskeleton
Ex. Chitin- 2nd most abundant organic compound. Found in cells walls of fungi and exoskeleton of insects

13. How it gets into our bodies
By the foods we eat, like:
Bread
Sweets
Fruit (Apples, bananas, peppers, tomatoes)
Vegetables
Pasta
Potatoes