1. UNITY & COHERENCE

2. Unity
Unity means a paragraph discusses only one main idea from beginning to the end.
E.g Topic sentence: (paragraph writing)
There are many advantages of self-directed learning.
Thesis Statement: (essay writing); discuss each advantage in different paragraphs.
Every supporting sentence must directly explain or prove the main idea in the topic sentence.

3. Coherence “cohere” – means hold together.
The sentences in your paragraph writing or essay writing must hold together; that is the movement from one sentence to another must be logical and smooth.
There must be no sudden jump of ideas. Each sentence should flow smoothly into the next one.

4. Coherence 4 ways to achieve coherence in your writing:
Repetition of key nouns.
Use consistent pronouns.
Use transition signals to link ideas.
Arrange your ideas in logical orders.