1. Chapter 4 TEXAS INDIANS Section 1: The First Texans
11/27/2018
Chapter 4 TEXAS INDIANS
Section 1: The First Texans
Section 2: The Western Gulf Culture Area
Section 3: The Southeastern Culture Area
Section 4: The Pueblo Culture Area
Section 5: The Plains Culture Area
CHAPTER 04

2. SECTION l: The First Texans
OBJECTIVES
Describe what scholars have learned about the first Americans.
Explain how environmental changes affected early Americans and describe what they did to adapt.
Identify some civilizations that developed in the Americas.

3. SCHOLARS AND THE FIRST AMERICANS
SECTION l: The First Texans
SCHOLARS AND THE FIRST AMERICANS
First Texans lived in Texas some 12,000 years ago and migrated from Asia
Drew or carved pictures on cave walls.
Practiced religion and were hunter-gatherers
Used stone tools and weapons
hunter-gatherers – people who hunt animals and gather wild plants for game

4. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND THE EARLY AMERICANS
SECTION l: The First Texans
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND THE EARLY AMERICANS
Cold weather led to migrations from Asia
Became hunter-gatherers
Culture developed in response to environment

5. SOME EARLY CIVILIZATIONS
SECTION l: The First Texans
SOME EARLY CIVILIZATIONS
Maya – Mesoamerica
Toltec and Aztec – Mesoamerica
Anasazi – West of Texas
Mississippian – Cumberland, Mississippi, Tennessee River valleys

6. SECTION 2: The Western Gulf Culture Area
OBJECTIVES
Identify where the Karankawa lived and describe what their life was like.
Explain how the Coahuiltecan survived in a dry area.

7. THE KARANKAWA Lived in the Gulf Coastal Plain
SECTION 2: The Western Gulf Culture Area
THE KARANKAWA
Lived in the Gulf Coastal Plain
Were nomadic hunter-gatherers
Wore deerskin clothing
Painted their bodies

8. THE COAHUILTECAN SURVIVED IN A DRY CLIMATE
SECTION 2: The Western Gulf Culture Area
THE COAHUILTECAN SURVIVED IN A DRY CLIMATE
Hunted and gathered food; fished
Moved around often
Wore little clothing
Lived in easy-to-move huts

9. OBJECTIVES Describe what the Caddo culture was like.
SECTION 3: The Southeastern Culture Area
OBJECTIVES
Describe what the Caddo culture was like.
Compare the Wichita to neighboring groups.
Identify where the Atakapa lived and explain how that affected their culture.

10. CADDO CULTURE SECTION 3: The Southeastern Culture Area
Lived in Piney Woods
Large population with permanent villages
Expert farmers, hunted, and fished
Matrilineal society with specialization of tasks
Built temples and mounds, made pottery, and used tools
Dwellings made of wooden poles covered with grass
Painted their bodies

11. COMPARING THE WICHITA TO THEIR NEIGHBORS
SECTION 3: The Southeastern Culture Area
COMPARING THE WICHITA TO THEIR NEIGHBORS
Lived in permanent villages
Tattooed their bodies
Farmed and hunted buffalo

12. HOME OF THE ATAKAPA AND EFFECT ON THEIR CULTURE
SECTION 3: The Southeastern Culture Area
HOME OF THE ATAKAPA AND EFFECT ON THEIR CULTURE
Lived between the Caddo and the Gulf of Mexico
Fished and farmed
Hunted

13. SECTION 4: The Pueblo Culture Area
OBJECTIVES
Explain why the Jumano came to the Rio Grande Area and describe how they survived in their environment.
Identify and explain the problems that the Jumano faced.

14. JUMANO SURVIVED IN THE RIO GRANDE AREA
SECTION 4: The Pueblo Culture Area
JUMANO SURVIVED IN THE RIO GRANDE AREA
Migrated to the area following the buffalo
Survived by irrigating crops, gathering wild plants, hunted buffalo, traded

15. SECTION 4: The Pueblo Culture Area
CULTURE OF THE JUMANO
Lived in large villages in Mountains and Basins, or small groups on Plains
Used bow and arrows, clubs and shields in battle
Expert craftsman with buffalo hides and making jewelry
Tattoed body

16. SECTION 5: The Plains Culture Area
OBJECTIVES
How were the lives on Plains Indians different before the Spanish came?.
Summarize the common aspects of Plains Indian culture.

17. COMMON ASPECTS OF PLAINS INDIAN CULTURE
SECTION 5: The Plains Culture Area
COMMON ASPECTS OF PLAINS INDIAN CULTURE
Hunted and depended on the buffalo
Followed buffalo herds
Lived in tepees