1. Movements at a joint

2. Types of Movement There are many types of movement that the
skeleton and muscles can produce. The following
are the most common:
Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Abduction
Adduction
Dorsiflexion- Flexing
Plantarflexion- Pointing

3. Types of Movement cont’d
FLEXION – Bending the joint. E.g. Bending the
knee or elbow. BALL and SOCKET and HINGE are
the main joint types that can produce this
movement.

4. Types of Movement cont’d
EXTENSION of a joint is where the joint is straightened.
BALL and SOCKET and HINGE joints are common
examples of joints that can produce this movement.
Straightening the leg when striking a ball is an example of EXTENSION at the knee (HINGE JOINT)

5. Types of Movement cont’d
The ROTATION movement can occur at a BALL
and SOCKET and a PIVOT joint. e.g. turning the
head or the movement at the shoulder when
swimming backstroke.
In Dance this could be a windmill
arm or leg

6. Types of Movement cont’d
ABDUCTION and ADDUCTION movements can be
produced by BALL and SOCKET joints. ABDUCTION is
where a limb moves away from the centre of the body.
ADDUCTION is where the limb is moved TOWARDS the centre of the body.

7. Joints and Performance
Injuries to joints can occur from:
Over use (Too much training)
Incorrect movement injuries (e.g.-wrong techniques)
Impact or twisting (e.g.-twist of knee or elbow)
Such injuries should be RICED: given plenty rest, iced, compressed, elevated and diagnosed (if serious) to aid recovery and avoid permanent damage.