1. THE POLITICS OF DEVOLUTION
        
THE POLITICS OF DEVOLUTION

2. MULTIPLE CONTEXTS
Development challenge
The rhetoric of good governance
Military government’s quest for political legitimacy
The demonstration of a reform agenda

3. ASPECTS
Territorial: Organisation of union councils, talukas and districts as devolution units
   Political: Elections of representatives to respective councils
   Administrative: Organisational restructuring and placements
     Financial: Fiscal Transfers vs resource generation
    Legal: local government laws and implementation - LGOs    

4. ISSUES and CHALLENGES Devolution in a political vacuum
Devolution in the absence of democratisation
·      Devolution in a legal vaccum: Constitutional Protection without endorsement of Parliament     
Devolution and federalism: horizontal sharing of power verses vertical transfer of power

5. SHOCKS TO THE SYSTEM
·         9/11
·         referendum
·         elections in a legal vacuum

6. STATE OF DISTRICT GOVERNMENT IN KHAIRPUR
a direct territorial field of the power centre in the province
DPO/DCO agents of provincial government in opposition to Zila Nazim
Crisis of governance in the district

7. STRUCTURAL · Relationship with the provincial government
· Problematic position of Zila Nazim
·         Conflict ridden relationships between Nazims, Naibnazims, councillors
·         Councillors directly elected yet most powerless
·         Taluka Councils outside the system
·         The unsettled problem of town committees

8. ADMINISTRATIVE · Uncontrolled Transfers and Postings
·         Transfers/Postings political power instrument
·         Low Capacity of Officers at District Level
·         Hardship posts
·         Double Jurisdictions between provincial and local authorities
·         Overcentralisation and bureaucratisation in the DCOs and EDOs
·         Law and order and the police

9. FINANCIAL · Vertical Fiscal Transfers · Very few tax resources
·         Financial Award