1. CULTURE
Chapter 1
Section III

2. What is culture? Culture
All the things that make up a people’s entire way of life.

3. 7 Elements of Culture Social Organization Customs and Traditions
Language
Arts and Literature
Religion
Forms of Government
Economic Systems
SCLARFE

4. Social Organization
Purpose: Help people of a culture work together to meet basic needs
What are basic needs?

5. Social Organization Family Patterns Nuclear Family Parts:
Wife, Husband, Children
Typical in industrial societies
What are some other industrial societies?

6. United States – Family Arrangements
Purple – 2000
Blue 1970
What does this show us?

7. Extended Family Several generations living in one household.
Characteristics:
May not have a lot of money
Common in farming societies
Respect for elders

8. Patriarchal/Matriarchal Families
Patriarchal Families
Men exercise more authority than women
Typical the eldest male is decision maker.
Matriarchal Families
Women exercise more authority than men.

9. Social Classes Purpose: Basis: Rank people in order of status. Money
Occupation
Education
Ancestry
Land Owned
Animals Owned
Religious leader

10. Social Mobility The ability to move amongst classes
Was it always this way?
Is it this way everywhere?
How might one rise in society?

11. Family and Society 5 Minutes Write about your families history:
How did you come to be where you are today.
Think about Family Structure
Think about Social Classes
Do you know?
If not, consider another families history, or make-up a logical history one might be a part of.

12. Customs and Traditions
Rules and Behavior
How to sleep
How to greet
How to eat
SOCIAL NORMS – Customs and Traditions
What are some differences between our culture and other cultures customs and traditions?

13. Language The CORNERSTONE of culture
How would you communicate thoughts, feelings, and knowledge without it?
INDIA
OVER 700 Languages!
Government recognizes 15 official languages.
Should the U.S. have an official language?

14. Arts and Literature Products of the human imagination.
Teach a culture’s beliefs and values.
Example?
Folk Tales
Art and Literature
Help promote pride and unity

15. Religion
Helps a culture answer questions about the meaning and purpose of life.
Monotheism – the worship of one God
Polytheism – the worship of more than one God

16. The Major Religions Hinduism Buddhism Judaism Islam Christianity
What kind of problems has religion caused?

17. Sources of Religious Conflict
Internal
Fighting within a religion
External
Fighting outside of religion (against another)

18. Forms of Government Government 1) Refers to 2) Refers to
People who hold power in a society
2) Refers to
Society’s Laws
Political Institutions

19. Government
Why are governments formed?

20. Types of Government Democracy Republic Dictatorship
People have supreme power
Government can only act with the people’s consent
Republic
People choose leaders who represent them
Dictatorship
A ruler or group holds power by force
Sometimes will claim to be republics

21. Economic Systems Economics
How people use limited resources to satisfy their wants and needs.
3 Basic Questions

22. 3 Basic Economic Questions
What goods and services should be produced?
How should the goods and services be produced?
For whom should the goods and services be produced?

23. Traditional Economy People produce most of what they need to survive.
For thousands of years most cultures had traditional economies.

24. Market Economy
Individuals answer the three basic economic questions by buying and selling goods and services.
Businesses/Manufacturers decide what to produce based on what people will buy.

25. Command Economy
Government controls what goods and services are produced, and what they will cost.

26. Mixed Economy
Individuals make some economic decisions and the government makes others.
Example?

27. Causes of Culture Change
Technology
Changing Environment
New Ideas

28. Diffusion The movement of ideas or customs from one place to another
Peaceful Diffusion
War/Forced Diffusion

29. Subculture
Group of people within a society that share certain beliefs, values, and customs.

30. Ethnocentrism
Judging other cultures by the standards of one’s own.

31. Racism
Believing one racial group is NATURALLY SUPERIOR than another racial group.

32. Essay – 40%
Name and explain the 7 elements of culture. Be sure to provide an example of each and justify how it fits the category.