1. Paper compositions for digital liners
Set Yourself Up for Substrate Success
Allie O’Brien

2. Outline Topics of Discussion Paper Grades Appearance Performance
Whiteness vs Brightness
Testing Methods and Standards
Shade
Performance
Leading Paper Characteristics When Choosing a Substrate for Digital Print
Other Features to Consider in a Substrate
Industry Innovation
Conclude
There are dozens, if not hundreds of individual factors that play a roll in choosing a substrate for digital Print. The Prominent factors fall under Appearance and Performance.

3. Paper grades Market Product Mix For Converting (K) KRAFT- Kraft paper
(T2) TEST 2 - Partly recycled liner paper
(T) TEST 3 - Fully recycled liner
(C) CHIP - Waste based liners
(BW) FULLY BLEACHED WHITE - Fully bleached Kraft liner
(WT) WHITE TOP - White coated recycled liner
(MK) MOTTLED KRAFT - Mottled white Kraft
(WKL) WHITE KRAFT LINERS
(OY) OYSTER - Mottled test liner
(FBB) FOLDING BOX BOARD
Grades already used for offset, flexo and gravuere are compatible with digital printing. We won’tfocus on all of these

4. From Pulp to Finished Product
There are dozens, if not hundreds of individual factors that play a roll in choosing a substrate for digital Print. The Prominent factors fall under Appearance and Performance. - Call to audience: What do you think are some of the most common questions about a papers appearance? As of this moment, what characteristics are most important to you?
appearance
From Pulp to Finished Product
The properties that determine how the eye perceives paper and their effects on the appearance of the liner

5. THE BIG QUESTION: Is there a difference between Brightness and Whiteness?
Paper brightness, paper whiteness and shade are three of the most often misunderstood variables of paper choice in print projects. However, they all play an important role in determining the look of your final product.

6. TAPPI : “Brightness and whiteness are not the same measurement.
Brightness and whiteness are not interchangeable,
and there is no known mathematical relationship between
the two values”.
Brand, PMS, Color Matching, Shade

7. Brightness vs Whiteness
Brightness: The reflection of a very specific wavelength, a portion, of light on the color spectrum (Blue)
Whiteness: The reflection of all wavelengths of light across the visible spectrum- the whole spectrum of colors visible to the human eye
Whiteness measure is more in line with our visual perception and sight capabilities
Discuss two types of brightness and why. Draw brightness range, what is considered bright < examples (What is considered bright, categories) discuss additives to bring brightness higher

8. Technical Properties Test Methods, Standards and Measurements
Testing Methods for Brightness Top (%)
(Scale 0 to 100)
Discuss 3 types of brightness and why. Draw brightness range, what is considered bright < examples (What is considered bright, categories) Optical Brightening Agents (additives)
Method
TAPPI – Paper
(GE Brightness)
ISO - Paper
Standard ID
TAPPI T452
ISO 2469
ISO
Illuminant C
D65 [C]*
ISO Specific to Paper, board and pulps
* Measurement of diffuse radiance factor (specific intensity of illumination)

9. Technical Properties Test Methods, Standards and Measurements
Whiteness
Whiteness
Standard: CIE Whiteness
Measurement of the light reflected by the paper across the visible (daylight) spectrum
Standard: D65 Illumination (White daylight source at noon)
Representation of outdoor daylight under which the amount of light reflected is measured .

10. Shade Light reflection is not taken in to account when measuring shade
Shade represents the color of the paper.
Three Common Groups of White Shades:
True White Blue White Cream White
A third appearance property that is commonly misunderstood

11. performance The Key Properties for Optimal Substrate Success
Reliable Data for Prime Execution

12. Leading Paper Characteristics When Choosing a Substrate for Digital Print
Tolerance. What happens when out of tolerance? What makes for good toner/ink adhesion/transfer. Data, what is the best properties for dp. Warp makes the process hard. Environmental control is crucial. Storage. Registration and alignment. Digital Presses work with ink companies, so if an ink company approves of the results, there is credibility in certifications.
Runnability
Printability
Toner/Ink Adhesion and Toner Transfer Efficiency
Accurate Sheet Dimensions
Dimensional Stability

13. Standards, Methods and Testing for Leading Paper Characteristics
Smoothness Top
Method: PP510
Standard: ISO
Tolerance. What happens when out of tolerance? What makes for good toner/ink adhesion/transfer. Data, what is the best properties for dp. Warp makes the process hard. Environmental control is crucial. Storage. Registration and alignment. Digital Presses work with ink companies, so if an ink company approves of the results, there is credibility in certifications. 2
Water Absorption Top g/m
Method: Cobb 1 min
Standard: ISO 535
Moisture Level (Moisture Content %)
Standard: ISO 287

14. Why is your business interesting in the digital market?
So…
Mill level and chemistry, digital papers
Why is your business interesting in the digital market?

15. More Features to Consider When Choosing a Substrate
Food Contact:
EU Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004
USFDA
Current markets, current customers, goal markets to pursue, markets you are looking to get in to. Ex) Food and Bev, Certifications needed, FDA, food contact safe, fatty, dry, environmental and sustainability factors
Environmental/Sustainability
PEFC chain of custody
FSC chain of custody
FSC controlled wood certificates

16. Industry innovation Current Obstacles
Mill level and chemistry, digital papers
Industry innovation
Current Obstacles
The Goals, Visions and Strategic Implementations to Overcome Hurdles in Digital Print and Industry Advancements

17. You’ve put in the effort to learn, you’ve put in time, you’ve put in money- But all of that becomes futile without a strong foundation, the best substrate of the highest quality. No point in spending on fancy technology only to manufacture sub-par products
Thank You!