1. Physics Opportunities with heavy quark system at FAIR
Su Houng Lee
Yonsei Univ., Korea
Introduction to FAIR
Heavy quark system in nuclear medium
Heavy exotics from heavy Ion collision
Summary
HHL-07 SHLee

2. Introduction to FAIR Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research at GSI
HHL-07 SHLee

3. FAIR
CBM GeV Heavy Ion (Gold) projectile QCD phase diagram at high baryon density
PANDA: anti proton project (1-15 GeV) charmonium sprectroscopy, origin of hadron mass
HHL-07 SHLee

4. Heavy quark system in nuclear medium Physics with antiproton beam
HHL-07 SHLee

5. QCD Vacuum Nuclear matter
Similarly, there will be changes for the light quark condensate.
However, let us concentrate on the gluon field configuration, because that is what the
Heavy quark system is sensitive to.
Partial Chiral symmetry restoration in nuclear matter
 Could be probed by light vector mesons
HHL-07 SHLee

6. From Volker Metag’s recent talk
Shocking result !!
New structure appearing?
HHL-07 SHLee

7. QCD Vacuum Nuclear matter
Similarly, there will be changes for the light quark condensate.
However, let us concentrate on the gluon field configuration, because that is what the
Heavy quark system is sensitive to.
Change of gluonic background in nuclear matter
 could be probed by heavy quark system
HHL-07 SHLee

8. Why Heavy Quark system can probe this gluonic change
1. Heavy quark propagation
Perturbative treatment are possible
because
HHL-07 SHLee

9. 2. System with two heavy quarks
Perturbative treatment are possible when
HHL-07 SHLee

10. q2<0: QCD sum rules for charmonium (cc)
3090
3000
3400
3500
3570
HHL-07 SHLee

11. Heavy quark propagator is sensitive to only gluon fields
and therefore the mass of heavy quark system will change in nuclear medium
HHL-07 SHLee

12. Approaches for charmonium mass shift in nuclear matter
Quantum numbers
QCD 2nd Stark eff.
Potential model
QCD sum rules
Effects of DD loop Hc
0-+
–8 MeV
–5 MeV
(Klingl, SHL ,Weise)
No effect
(SHL, Ko)
J/y
1--
(Peskin, Luke)
-10 MeV
(Brodsky et al).
–7 MeV
<2 MeV
c0,1,2,
0,1,2++
-40 MeV
(SHL)
-60 MeV
No effect on c 1
y(3686)
-100 MeV
< 30 MeV
y(3770)
-140 MeV
HHL-07 SHLee

13. Such experiment can be done at
1. GSI future accelerator facility
⇒ anti proton project (1-15 GeV)
HESR
HHL-07 SHLee

14. HHL-07 SHLee

15. Anti proton project at GSI
Heavy nuclei
Anti proton will be absorbed at surface and
Charmonium will decay inside the heavy nuclei
HHL-07 SHLee

16. Production rate: J/y 1-- y(3686) y(3770) c0 0++ c1 1++ c12 JPC
Mass shift
Final state
s to final state
Events per day
J/y
1--
–8 MeV
e+ + e-
6 pb
100
y(3686)
–100 MeV
0.6 pb 10
y(3770)
-100 MeV
1 pb 17 c0
0++
-50 MeV
J/y + g
200 pb
3400 c1
1++
80 pb
1360
c12
350 pb
5950
HHL-07 SHLee

17. Charmonium spectrum
HHL-07 SHLee

18. Similar to discoveries in E&M
Pieter Zeeman ( )
Johannes Stark ( )
Zeeman effect: Nobel prize 1902
Stark effect: Nobel prize 1919
Beginning of the Femtophysics era
HHL-07 SHLee

19. Heavy exotics from Heavy Ion collision Physics with CBM
HHL-07 SHLee

20. Attractions in quark-antiquark vs. diquark
One gluon exchange
Lattice calculation
Phenomenological fit to hadron spectrum
color spin interaction
HHL-07 SHLee

21. Color spin interaction explains hadron spectrum
Nucleon
Baryon Mass difference
Meson Mass difference
Works very well with 3CB=CM = constant
HHL-07 SHLee

22. When will a pentaquark form ?d d u q u d
Weak quark-antiquark attraction
Strong quark-antiquark attraction q u d s c
Epentaquark-Emeson-Baryon= -50MeV
HHL-07 SHLee

23. When will a tetraquark form ?d b
Strong quark-antiquark attraction
Weak quark-antiquark attraction u d c
Etetraquark-E2-meson= +38 MeV u a s a b b d
HHL-07 SHLee

24. Success of statistical model
P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel (95 …)
HHL-07 SHLee

25. Exotic particle production: elementary vs HIC
Exotic particle production from elementary processes
Exotic particle production from Heavy Ion collision
N=c exp(-mQ/T)
QGP u u u u c c d d d d
HHL-07 SHLee

26. Possible Decay mode of charmed Pentaquark
exotic
Decay mode
Final states
Branching ratio
udusc
uds(L) +uc(D0)
L + k0 p0 (k+ p-)
L + k0 p- p+
2.3 % (3.8 % )
5.97 %
uud(p) +sc (Ds-)
P + k0 p-
P + k+ p- p-
2.82 %
9.2 %
ududc
udu (p)+dc (D-)
udd (n)+uc (D0)
n + k0 p0 (k+ p-)
n + k0 p- p+
HHL-07 SHLee

27. Rough estimate of events at RHICQc u u c d d
Final state
Decay mode
Final states
Branching ratio
ududc
udu (p)+dc (D-) p + k0 p-
P + k+ p- p-
2.82 %
9.2 %
udd (n)+uc (D0)
n + k0 p0 (k+ p-)
n + k0 p- p+
2.3 % (3.8 % )
5.97 %
Central collision (0-10%)
dNcc/dy = 2.2 (phenix)
HHL-07 SHLee

28. Possible Decay mode of Tetra-quark
exotic
Decay mode
Final states
Branching ratio
uscc
uc (D0)+sc (Ds-)
D0 (k0 p0 , k+ p-k0 p- p+ )
Ds-(k0k- , k-k+ p-)
3.6 % ( 4.4 %)
udcc
dc (D-)+uc (D0)
D- (k0 p-l k+ p- p- ) +
HHL-07 SHLee

29. If STAR can do it, CBM can do much better
4 month Au+Au at 25 AGeV CBM
HHL-07 SHLee

30. And also at LHC (W.Liu, C.M.Ko, SHL 07)
udud c
ud cc
HHL-07 SHLee

31. Summary
From PANDA (anti proton beam), can look at the charmonium mass shift in nuclear medium
 Beginning of Femto Physics
Hint to confinement and QCD vacuum
From CBM (heavy Ion Physics), can look at heavy Exotics
 New exotic hadron in QCD
If found the first real exotic ever, will tell us about QCD and dense matter  color superconductivity
HHL-07 SHLee

32. 4 month Au+Au at 25 AGeV CBM
HHL-07 SHLee

33. HHL-07 SHLee

34. q2 process expansion parameter negative m2J/ y > 0
Perturbative treatment are possible when q2
process
expansion parameter
negative
QCD sum rules for heavy quarks
Photo production of open charm
m2J/ y > 0
Dissociation cross section of bound states
HHL-07 SHLee

35. Example: from Volker Metag’s recent talk
Shocking result !!
New structure appearing?
HHL-07 SHLee