1. Chapter 8: Ancient China
Lesson 2: China’s ancient philosophies

2. Blah blah blah. This matters because . . .
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Blah blah blah. This matters because . . .

3. MAIN IDEAS
Belief Systems Legalists believed that the government must control people through strict laws.
Belief Systems Confucius taught that order would return to China if society was organized around five relationships.
Belief Systems The followers of Daoism taught that people could find virtue by living in harmony with nature.

4. China Standards
3. Know about the life of Confucius and the fundamental teachings of Confucianism and Taoism.
4. Identify the political and cultural problems prevalent in the time of Confucius and how he sought to solve them.

5. Legalism EQ: How did Legalism suggest that society be controlled?
Peace Through Ideas
Scholars developed three ways of thinking to bring peace to land:
Legalism, Confucianism, Daoism
Legalism ( BC): rulers should use legal system to force people to obey laws. Legalists felt strong government would end Chinaʼs disorder.

6. Legalism EQ: How did Legalism suggest that society be controlled?
An Increase in Government Control
Some legalists wanted to force people to report lawbreakers.
Legalists taught that rulers should reward people who do their duty & arrest/burn books of people who questioned government.

7. EQ: What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?
Confucianism
EQ: What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?
Confucius
Confucius ( BC) lived during time of unrest in China - developed ideas to end conflict.
Believed that respect for others was necessary for peace, harmony.
Confuciusʼ ideas collected into book, Analects.

8. EQ: What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?
Confucianism
EQ: What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?

9. The Impact of Confucianism
EQ: What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?
The Impact of Confucianism
Confucianism set out family and social roles. Following these roles helped Chinese avoid conflict, live peacefully.
Rulers tried to live up to Confuciusʼ model
Confucius encouraged education, creating fair and skilled officials

10. Daoism EQ: What did the Daoists believe about society?
The Way
Daoism—Laoziʼs (500s BC?) ideas written in The Book of the Way of Virtue.
Daoists felt universal force, the Dao (the Way), guides all things. All creatures but humans live in harmony with Dao.
Humans must find own way (Dao) to relate to nature, each other.

11. Daoism EQ: What did the Daoists believe about society?
Following the Way
Daoists accepted things as they were; did not get involved in government; tried to understand nature, live in harmony with its rhythms.
Forces of yin/yang interact with each other; change, evolve.
Understanding yin/yang helped people find place in the world

12. summary & so what
Write a paragraph summarizing the lesson “China’s Ancient Philosophies.”
Choose one thing you wrote about and tell me why it matters to the world today.
Choose one thing you wrote about and tell me how it affects you personally.

13. Summary & So What … Lesson Summary
Legalists believed humans are wicked and need strict laws with harsh punishments.
Confucius taught a code of proper conduct, including respect, that humans could learn.
Daoists held the view that each human must find an individual moral path to follow.
Why It Matters Now...
The teachings of Confucianism and Daoism remain influential in China and the world today.