1. THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW SOCIETY
Rapid change in Western society
New technology  alters pace and nature of society
Scientific advances
Rapid economic growth
The 1960’s youth uprising
Women argue for equal rights

2. THE STRUCTURE OF EUROPEAN SOCIETY
New middle class
Managers and technicians
Specialized knowledge and education
Focus on effective administration
Continuing growth of big business and big govt
The lower class
Dramatic shift from rural to urban
Rise in wages
Working class consume like middle class
Shorter work hours + more leisure
Commercialized music, sports and media  aimed at the masses

3. CREATION OF THE WELFARE STATE
Goals of the welfare state
This cartoon was produced soon after the Chancellor's report on government spending (see 1956 Cabinet memorandum on benefit costs). The central figure is the Labour Prime Minister, Harold Wilson. The flags in the globe represent British commitments of troops abroad: 'East of Suez' refers to various commitments in Asia; BAOR stands for British Army of the Rhine. Britain had substantial armed forces in Germany to counter possible threat of invasion from the Communist countries of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
Eliminate poverty and homelessness
Medical services for all
Take care of older/retired
Free education for all
Based on the ideal the society had a responsibility to care for all its citizens
Govt benefits were extended and new ones creates

4. THE COSTS OF THE WELFARE STATE?
The welfare state vastly increased the amount of money spent on social services
By the 1980’s – 40 or 50% of GNP spent on social welfare programs
Small group of people said citizens were becoming too dependent on the state
“A claim for equality of material position can be met only by a government with totalitarian powers.” Friedrich August von Hayek “From the saintly and single-minded idealist to the fanatic is often but a step.”

5. WOMEN IN THE POSTWAR WORLD
After WW II a temporary return to traditional family and work patterns
The “baby boom”  massive rise in birth rate after the war
Decline in birthrates in 1960’s = widespread use of birth control = “the pill” = oral contraceptive
Smaller families  more
married women working

6. THE FEMINIST MOVEMENT – THE SEARCH FOR LIBERATION
Revival in movement for expansion of women’s right = “women’s liberation” movement = modern feminism
Simone de Beauvoir
Betty Friedan
NOW = National Organization for Women created in 1966

7. THE PERMISSIVE SOCIETY
Changes in morals and manners
The “sexual revolution” of the 60’s
Sex education in schools
Loosening/elimination of restrictions on movies, plays, books
The rise of pornography
Birth control = freedom in sexual behavior

8. BREAKDOWN IN THE TRADTIONAL FAMILY 1960’s
Rise in divorce rates
Substantial rise in premarital and extramarital sex

9. EMERGENCE OF THE DRUG CULTURE OF THE 1960’s
Rise of recreational drug use by young people
Timothy Leary and LSD – people advocated hallucinogenic drugs  expanding consciousness
Sex and drugs among the youth = hippies!
Youth rebellion = question authority/rebel against older generation

10. EDUCATION AND STUDENT REVOLT
The hippie movement and protests against Vietnam War spreads to Europe
Outburst of student revolts in the late 60’s
Most famous student revolt was in France
Student radicalism concerned with
Reforming universities
Protesting the Vietnam War/protesting imperialism
Attacking Western materialism and consumerism = anti-capitalist

11. THE FAILURE OF THE HIPPIES!!
Student revolts and hippie movement fizzled out in the 1970’s 
spoiled middle class college students had to grow up and get jobs
Your revolution is over, Mr. Lebowski. Condolences. The bums lost. My advice is to do what your parents did; get a job, sir. The bums will always lose. Do you hear me, Lebowski?
THE BIG LEBOWSKI