1. Unit 3 – Key Area 1 Divisions of the nervous system and parts of the brain

2. KA 1: Divisions of the nervous system and parts of the brain
(a) CNS
Central Nervous System
(f) Localisation of brain functions
The Nervous System
(b) PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
(e) Cerebral Cortex
(c) Medulla and Cerebellum
(d) Limbic System

3. N5 Revision
The Nervous System
Multi-cellular organisms are made of trillions of specialised cells that work together to ensure survival of that organism.
Internal communication is needed to bring this about this co-operation is provided by the nervous system.

4. The Nervous System Made of 3 parts: Brain Spinal Cord
N5 Revision
The Nervous System
Made of 3 parts:
Brain
Spinal Cord
Nerves – (Peripheral NS)
The CNS is connected to all parts of the body by the nerves
Central Nervous System or CNS
N5 only note

5. The Brain Control centre of CNS Protected by skull
N5 Revision
The Brain
Control centre of CNS
Protected by skull
Adult brain – 1.3 – 1.4 kg
Newborn brain – 350 – 400g
2% of adult weight in healthy individual
100 billion neurons

6. Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla Spinal Cord N5 Revision
You could colour code the different parts …..
Spinal Cord

7. Part of brain Function Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla
N5 Revision
Part of brain
Function
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
Controls breathing and heart rate
Enables conscious thought, memory, learning and intelligence
Controls balance and muscular coordination

8. Flow of information CNS STIMULI RESPONSE e.g. touch/light
N5 Revision
Flow of information
CNS
SENSORY NERVES
MOTOR NERVES
RECEPTORS (e.g. sense
organs)
EFFECTORS (e.g. muscle
& glands)
STIMULI
e.g. touch/light
RESPONSE
e.g. movement/
hormone release

9. Motor neurone Harmful stimulus from a hot object
N5 Revision
Sensory
neurone
Synapse
Relay
neurone
Response:
arm muscles
contract and
hand withdraws
Motor
neurone
Effector:
muscles of
the arm
Harmful stimulus from
a hot object

10. Nervous System: N5 Revision
What 2 parts of the body make up the central nervous system (CNS)
Name the 3 types of neurons present in the nervous system.
What is the purpose of a reflex action.
Brain and spinal cord.
Sensory, relay and motor neurons.
To protect the body from harm.

11. A 4) The following diagram shows a human brain.
Which letter indicates the site of memory and conscious responses? A

12. B 5. The diagram below shows a section through the human brain.
Which labelled part co-ordinates movement and balance? B

13. C 6. The diagram below shows a human brain.
Which letter shows the site that controls heart rate and breathing rate? C

14. 7. Which of the diagrams below identifies neurons and the direction of travel of nerve impulses?

15. 8. The following stages occur in a reflex action.
1 The effector produces a response.
2 A sense organ is stimulated.
3 An impulse passes along a sensory neurone.
4 An impulse passes along a motor neurone.
The correct order of the stages is
A 2, 3, 4, 1
B 2, 1, 4, 3
C 1, 2, 3, 4
D 3, 4, 1, 2.

16. 9. The diagram below shows neurones connecting the eye with the central nervous system.
Which line in the table below identifies correctly the types of neurones and the direction of impulses which travel along them?

17. 10. The pathway for a reflex arc involves the following.
1. Central nervous system
2. Sensory neurone
3. Motor neurone
Which of the following correctly represents the pathway of a reflex arc?
A 1 > 2 > 3
B 1 > 3 > 2
C 2 > 1 > 3
D 2 > 3 > 1