1. ENZYMES Modified from: Enzymes & Your Body
By Malinda Pires& Ms. Mezzetti
Biology
Lynn English High School

2. MA Standard 1.3:
Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions.
Identify factors, such as pH and temperature, which have an effect on enzymes

3. Enzymes are Catalysts
Enzymes, which are a types of proteins, speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes are catalysts to over 4000 biochemical reactions!
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

5. Activation Energy
Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

6. DEMO Break the String

7. Enzymes are Reusable
Enzymes are reusable molecules found in living things.
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

8. Naming Enzymes
Take the name of the substrate the enzyme works on and add the suffix -ase
Example: Lactose  Lactase
Sucrose  Sucrase
Not always the case-some enzymes end in ‘zyme
Catalase acts by breaking down H2O2
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

9. Induced Fit Model Enzymes can form to the shape of its substrate.
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

10. Denaturing Enzymes When an enzyme is denatured it is damaged.
Denaturing changes the shape.
Without the correct shape enzymes won’t function properly.
HOW are enzymes denatured?
Temperature pH
amount of substrate or salt
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

11. Enzyme Inhibitors Chemicals that prevent the enzyme from working.
Inhibitors decrease the enzyme reaction rate.

12. Enzyme Activators X Chemicals that help the enzyme work.
Activators increase the enzyme reaction rate. X
Activator
Substrate
Binding
Site
Active
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

13. Why do we care about enzymes?
What do jello, laundry stains and crackers have in common?

14. Enzymes are used all over your body!
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

15. http://upload. wikimedia
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College