1. WARM UP:

3. Which SUBSTRATE would the enzyme work with?3 2 4 1
1!!!
They match 

4. Factors that Effect Enzymes
Things in the environment that change how well an enzyme works

5. What factors do enzymes care about?
pH- How acidic or basic the environment is.
Temperature- How hot or cold the environment is.
When you are really Hot or really Cold – do you do your best work?

6. pH has to do with how many OH or H- a substance has.
What is pH?
pH has to do with how many OH or H- a substance has.
BUT TBH --- WE DON’T CARE ABOUT THAT! Celebrate!

7. The pH scale -pH of 7 is NEUTRAL
- Numbers smaller than 7 are ACIDIC/Acids
Numbers greater than 7 are BASIC/Bases
The further away from 7 the STRONGER the solution is
Example: A pH of 3 is a STRONGER acid than a pH of 5
Example: A pH of 13 is a STRONGER base than a pH of 9

8. The pH of Your Body
-Everywhere in your body except for your stomach has a neutral pH of 7
- Your stomach has a pH of about 3 because there is ACID inside.

9. Optimal pH for Enzymes 2-3 because there is acid!
OPTIMAL- MEANS the BEST
The majority of the enzymes in your body work best at a pH of
The enzymes in you stomach work best at pH of
7 because it is neutral!!
2-3 because there is acid!

10. (how well the enzyme works)
Enzyme Activity
What is the optimal pH for the enzyme Pepsin?
Where would you find pepsin in the body?
What is the optimal pH for Amylase?
Where would you find Amylase in the body?
100%
50% 0% 3
stomach
7.5
Anywhere besides the stomach
It’s acidic!
It’s close to neutral

11. Temperature: How hot or cold the environment is.
Just like pH, enzymes have an OPTIMAL temperature they work best in.
Based on your knowledge of the human body and what our “normal body temperature” is… What do you think the optimal temperature for all enzymes inside you would be?

12. 98-100 Yes! It decreases very fast!
What is the OPTIMAL temperature that this enzyme works at?
Do you think you would find this enzyme inside of a human?
What do you notice happens to the enzyme activity after about 100 degrees?
98-100
Yes!
It decreases very fast!

13. But whhhhhyyyy did it decrease so fast?

14. It denatured!!!! Denatured means that the enzyme CHANGED SHAPE
This occurs when enzymes are in an environment that have a temperature or pH it is not used to.
Can the SUBSTRATE fit into the enzymes active site now?????
No!!! The SUBSTRATE does not fit the enzymes ACTIVE SITE. Now NO REACTIONS can occur.
THIS IS WHY FEVERS ARE SOOO DANGEROUS