1. Types of Cells In this presentation you will:
explore prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
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2. Introduction Cells are often described as the building blocks of life.
This is because all living things are made of one or more cells.
All the processes needed for life take place in cells.
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3. Introduction Some organisms, like bacteria, are unicellular.
This means they are made of a single cell.
Multicellular
Others, like plants and animals (including humans) are multicellular.
Multicellular
This means that they are made of many cells.
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4. Cell Theory There are three facts about cells:
cells are the basic unit of life
all living organisms are made of at least one cell
all cells come from other cells
This is known as the Cell Theory.
Individual cells are microscopic, which means that they can only be seen through a microscope.
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5. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
There are two types of cell.
prokaryote cell
Prokaryote cells were the first, and for billions of years, the only form of life.
Eukaryote cells are more complex.
eukaryote cell
Unicellular organisms can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
All multicellular organisms are eukaryotic.
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6. Similarities Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are similar in several ways.
Prokaryote cell
Eukaryote cell
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are similar in several ways.
cell membrane
Both contain genetic material (DNA).
DNA
ribosomes
cytoplasm
Both contain cytoplasm and are bound by a cell membrane.
Both contain ribosomes. Ribosomes are the structures in a cell that make protein.
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7. Differences They also have some very important differences.
nucleus
chromosomes
Eukaryote cell
They also have some very important differences.
In a eukaryote, DNA is held in a nucleus. It is organized into chromosomes.
Prokaryote cell – no nucleus
DNA
A cell without a nucleus is a prokaryote. DNA is just curled up in the cytoplasm of the cell.
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8. Differences
Prokaryote cell
Eukaryotes are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotes.
DNA
Cytoplasm
Prokaryotes cell
They contain structures called organelles that are surrounded by membranes.
mitochondrion
endoplasmic
reticulum
cytoplasm
nuclear pore
nucleus
chromatin
nuclear envelope
Eukaryote cell
Prokaryotes have a very simple internal structure.
Their organelles are not surrounded by membranes.
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9. Question 1
Which of these is a difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
A) The lack of DNA in eukaryotes
B) The lack of a nucleus in eukaryotes
C) The lack of DNA in prokaryotes
D) The lack of a nucleus in prokaryotes
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10. Question 1
Which of these is a difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
A) The lack of DNA in eukaryotes
B) The lack of a nucleus in eukaryotes
C) The lack of DNA in prokaryotes
D) The lack of a nucleus in prokaryotes
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11. Question 2
Which of the following is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
A) Membrane-bound organelles
B) Nucleus
C) Cytoplasm
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12. Question 2
Which of the following is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
A) Membrane-bound organelles
B) Nucleus
C) Cytoplasm
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13. Question 3
Which of the following correctly states three differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) Size, presence of ribosomes, presence of cell membrane
B) Presence of cell membrane, presence of DNA, size
C) Size, presence of nucleus, presence of membrane bound organelles
D) Presence of cytoplasm, presence of cell membrane, size
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14. Question 3
Which of the following correctly states three differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) Size, presence of ribosomes, presence of cell membrane
B) Presence of cell membrane, presence of DNA, size
C) Size, presence of nucleus, presence of membrane bound organelles
D) Presence of cytoplasm, presence of cell membrane, size
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15. Summary In this presentation you have seen:
Similarities and differences between prokaryote and eukaryote cells
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