1. International Trade in Goods Statistics Methodology Akos Gerencser
Hungarian Central Statistical Office Dpt. of Services and External Trade Statistics
International Trade in Goods Statistics Methodology
Akos Gerencser
MEDSTAT study visit on ITGS Budapest, May, 2013

2. Basic methodological principle
IMTS record all goods which add or subtract from the stock of material resources of the country by entering (imports) or leaving (exports) its economic territory
Physical movement of goods vs. Change of ownership between resident and non-residents

3. Basic terms
Goods – all movable property, including electric current
Community vs Non-Community goods
Criteria
entirely obtained in EU customs territory
foreign goods from released for free circulation in a MS
goods obtained in EU customs territory using foreign or domestic goods
Statistical territory - The statistical territory of a country is the territory with respect to which trade data are being compiled. Approximated by Customs territory.
Economic territory – …area under the effective economic control of a single government. The economic territory of a country has the dimensions of physical location as well as legal jurisdiction...

4. Trade system
General Trade System – records all goods entering economic territory of the country
Special Trade System – records the goods entering in to the part of economic territory (free circulation area and goods for processing)

5. General trade system

6. Special Trade system

7. Trade System in the EU Special trade, relaxed version
Territorial vs. Procedural approach: premises of inward processing
Community goods in Customs warehouses
Free zones
Customs Transit, Goods in simple circulation

8. Data collection in the EU
Intrastat
Community goods
Goods in free circulation
Goods which enter/leave the statistical territory of the reporting Member State supplied from or bound for another Member State;
Traded by VAT registered companies
Extrastat
Non Community goods
Lodged by Customs
SAD document
Some goods are excluded for methodological reasons – List of exclusions
For some goods particular provisions are applied – Specific goods&movements

9. SAD document Introduced in 1988 in the EU
Radical modernisation in 2003
Largely uniform application in Member States, including mandatory data elements and codeset
Some national particularities – optional data elements, codes
Joint document for Customs & Statistical purposes

10. Data elements on SAD used for ITGS
Reference period
Flow
Identification number of the Trader
Partner Country
Transport data
Delivery terms
Customs procedure
Nature of the transaction
Commodity
Preference
Quantity
Value

11. Reference period
Theoretically: The calendar month in which the goods ‘move’
Practically:
Lodgement of SAD, accepted by Customs
Export: Exit of the EU territory (max. 90 days)

12. Flow indicator
IM: goods having entered the statistical territory of the Community which are released for free circulation or are subject of a processing under contract.
EX: : goods being due to leave the statistical territory of the Community which are definitively exported, or are exported in view or after a processing under contract.
CO: special transactions – trade with territories not being part of the EU VAT territory; transitional SAD by EU accession

13. Trader ID Consignor/Exporter Consignee Declarant/Representative
EORI – uniform Customs ID used throughout the EU Trade register – matching with Tax ID (VAT ID)

14. Partner country Import: Export: Country of consignment
Country of origin
Export:
Country of (last known) destination

15. Partner country for imports
IMTS EU HU
Intra-EU trade
Country of origin
Country of consignment
Extra-EU trade

16. Partner country, exampleHK AT
Origin: CN HU
Partner country
IMTS EU HU
Free circulation in HU CN HK
Free circulation in AT AT

17. Transport data & Delivery terms
Mode of transport at the border
Nationality of means of transport
Inland mode of transport (Extrastat only)
Container
Delivery terms – Incoterms 2010

18. Customs procedure
The actually requested customs procedure combined with the preceding customs procedure (4-digit)
e.g.: ‘4071’ = free circulation (‘40’) of goods which had previously been placed under a customs warehouse (‘71’)
e.g. for exclusion:
‘7100’ - placing under a customs warehouse
‘4051’ - free circulation, previously under inwd. proc.
+ 3 digit supplementary code
e.g. ‘F01’= Relief from import duties for returned goods
National codes

19. Nature of transaction Purely statistical data element Exclusion
Adjustment for Balance of Payments and National Accounts purposes
Factors: change of ownership, (fiscal) compensation

21. Commodity HS6 CN8 – subheading, EU Combined Nomenclature
TARIC 10 digit (imports only)

22. Preference
3-digit code on the customs import declaration standing for a specific trade policy measure e.g.: normal or reduced duty rate, tariff quota, etc…
Importer’s request for the application of the measure
Obtain comprehensive statistics on the volume of trade in goods benefiting from the measures (->political relevance)
Granted preference

23. Quantity net mass supplementary units
the actual mass of the goods excluding all packaging
mandatory for all CN8
supplementary units
possible units measuring quantity other than net mass, as detailed in the Combined Nomenclature
e.g. l = Litre; GT = Gross tonnage; p/st = Number of items

24. Value Invoice value, Statistical value Currency, conversion
Customs value
WTO Agreement on Customs Valuation

25. Statistical Value
The value of the good at the national border of the reporting Member State
Exports: FOB Value Imports: CIF Value
Reporting MS
Partner Country
Adjustment by incidental expenses (freight, insurance)
Intra
The taxable amount
Extra
Customs value on imports only
Based on the invoice value (excluding VAT, duties and taxes)

26. List of exclusions Monetary gold Means of payment
Temporary use (max. 2 years)
Trade with enclaves
Customised software, software downloaded
Commercial samples, advertising material
Repair
Means of transport
Customs threshold, oral declaration (max EUR or 1000 kg)
Release into free circulation after processing

27. Specific goods or movements
Definition: Goods or movements which, by their very nature, call for specific methodological provisions
Particular provisions may concern:
Additional data sources
The scope (whether, how and what shall be included)
Simplification for the trader (burden to collect the information may not justify the output)
Transmission of reduced data sets
Deviation from general provisions regarding reference period, valuation, partner country due to methodological problems

28. Specific goods or movements
Industrial plants
Staggered consignments
Vessels & Aircraft
Goods delivered to vessels and aircraft
Goods delivered to and from offshore installations
Sea products
Spacecraft
Electricity and gas
Military goods

29. Goods delivered to vessels and aircraft
Goods consumed on board
Important, high value: fuel
Special commodity coding in CN
Partner country according to ownership principle or country of destination, simplified coding QR,QS

30. Electricity & Gas Problem:
Intra-EU VAT system and market liberalisation related, traders without VAT registration
Undercoverage of traditional data sources (Intrastat)
Additional administrative information required:
Grid operators: for the Quantity
Estimations for the value – Energy Office, stock exchange
Issues experienced : physical vs. commercial flows, transit, partner country, timeliness, cooperation with other administration

31. Thank you for your attention! akos.gerencser@ksh.hu