1. Setting the Stage for War

2. Following World War I Dictators driven by nationalism
World War I brought about new conflicts
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
Did it work?
German resentment
What was going on in the world following WWI?
Weimar Republic- successful?
Dictators driven by nationalism
After the war, democracies were set up, but collapsed
Dictators were able to take power

3. Russia becomes the Soviet Union
Communism established by Lenin in 1917 (completely by 1922)
Joseph Stalin takes over in 1924
?Totalitarian Government?
Abolished privately owned farms
Established Collectives- large government owned farms worked by hundreds of families.
5 Year Plans- to industrialize quickly
1937 second strongest power in the world
Estimated 8 to 20 million killed
Stalin murdered people who did not agree with him
Millions more died from hunger

4. Mussolini’s Italy
Following WWI- unemployment and inflation = discontent in Italy
Italy ruled by a king
Mussolini takes advantage of discontent
Powerful speaker
Played on people’s fears
1921 Mussolini established Fascist party
Black Shirts= followers
Italian King appoints Mussolini head of
government

5. Adolf Hitler Following WWI a jobless soldier
1919 joined struggling Nazi Party-
German form of fascism based on
extreme nationalism.
Powerful speaker
Good organizer
Became party leader
The Beer Hall Putsch Nazi
Party attempted to gain power in
Munich, but failed.

6. Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
Hitler’s political beliefs
Nazi expansion
Unite all German speaking people
Enforce racial purification (Germans especially)
Aryan Race- blue eyed, blond hair=master race destined to rule the world
Jews and non-white were only fit to serve Aryan race

7. What was going on in the world which helped the Nazi’s gain power?
???
What was going on in the world which helped the Nazi’s gain power?
How did the Treaty of Versailles treat Germany?

8. Nazi’s Gain Power War Debts & dependence on American loans made German
economy suffer.
By million unemployed
Many turned to Hitler for help
Joined Hitler’s army “Storm Troopers”
1932 Nazi’s strongest political party in Germany
1933 Hitler appointed German chancellor (Prime Minister)
Dismantled the Weimar Republic
Established the Third Reich

9. Hitler’s First Years Bans Strikes
Gov’t given authority over businesses
and labor
Unemployment dropped from 6 million
to 1.5 million in 1936!!!!
Built roads, constructed factories, manufactured weapons, and served in the military.
What’s wrong with the above statement?
Controlled every aspect of German life
Press, radio, books to embrace Nazi belief
Hitler Youth & League of German Girls

10. SPEECH! SPEECH! SPEECH!

11. The Build Up To World War II

12. China 1830-1912---(1912 Proves To Be A Very Important Year For China)
Democracy vs. Communism

13. Militaristic Japan Great Depression put blame on government
Emperor reigns but doesn’t
rule; Meiji changed this in 1860’s
Great Depression put blame
on government
1920’s extreme military
leaders attempted to overthrow
the emperor.
Unsuccessful
Military leaders launch surprise
attack on China anyway
In Manchuria
Why would Japan want to invade another country?

14. Civil War Manchukuo- 1931 Within months Japan controlled this area
Set up a puppet government
Why didn’t China win against tiny
Japan?
Back in Democracy
established in China
Chiang Kai-shek (democratic)
could not defeat the Japanese
Better equipped and trained (westernization)
Conquer Beijing and Nanjing
The Democratic Chinese set up new capital in west and continued to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)
Civil War

15. Japanese Invasions What’s the League of Nations?
Sent people to investigate
What did Japan do?
Militarists in total control of Japan

16. Show the Japanese Flick Here!

17. Italy Conquers Ethiopia Resisted Italians in 1890s
Mussolini wants revenge
October 1935 defeats the Ethiopians
Italians had modern weapons, Ethiopians did not
League condemns Italy but does nothing
Hope to keep peace by giving in

18. Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty
Appeasement
Giving in to the opponent to keep peace
If Britain had stepped in at this point, Hitler would have stopped.
Strengthens Hitler’s prestige and power
Opens up Belgium and France to Germany
Axis Powers Formed
Italy and Japan decide to join up with Germany
See’s the League did nothing to Japan or Italy- Hitler builds up army.
League could not stop him
Actually makes Hitler more confident
Rhineland
Buffer between Germany and France
Why does he want it?
Hitler invades despite warnings
What happens?

19. Taking the Rhineland
Video Clip #2

20. The Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco
Fascist leader starts civil war in Spain
Hitler and Mussolini come to his aid
Western democracies stay out of it
Russia helps a little
Franco wins and becomes dictator

21. The Final Steps U.S. was still Isolationist Passes Neutrality Acts
The Third Reich
March 1938
Germany annexes Austria
France and Britain ignore pledge to protect Austria
Sudetenland
Area of Czechoslovakia made up of German speakers
Hitler demands rule of the area
Czech’s ask for help
Appeasement Round 2 (Hitler Calls A Meeting)
Munich Conference
Germany, France, Britain, Italy
Neville Chamberlain
British P.M. chooses appeasement
Gives Germany Sudetenland if Germany would respect Czech border
Winston Churchill
Warns that appeasement would lead to war

22. Was Hitler really done?

23. Six Months Later March, 1938 Hitler takes Czechoslovakia
Mussolini takes Albania
Hitler demands Danzig port from Poland
Doesn’t think Britain and France will risk war
Hitler and Stalin sign nonaggression pact
August 23rd, 1939
Why?
No one is left to stop the Axis Powers